package rfc2136

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/miekg/dns"
)

// zoneFile is a file-backed authority for a single DNS zone. Replaces
// the Phase-1.3 in-memory recordStore.
//
// On every UPDATE, the file is read fully into memory as parsed RRs,
// the requested adds/deletes are applied to that slice, the SOA serial
// is bumped (CalVer YYYYMMDDNN style), and the file is rewritten via
// an atomic temp-file rename. CoreDNS's `auto` plugin notices the
// mtime change within its reload interval (~30s) and re-serves the
// zone. HE eventually pulls on its SOA refresh.
//
// Concurrency: per-zone mutex serializes RFC 2136 UPDATEs against
// each other and against the plugin's own reads. It does NOT protect
// against external editors (e.g. a human running an editor while the
// plugin is mid-write); that's the operator's responsibility, and
// the typical mitigation is to do manual edits when no UPDATEs are
// in flight (or just accept the rare race — the worst case is one
// lost manual edit, easily restored from git).
type zoneFile struct {
	mu sync.Mutex

	// Path is the absolute path to the zone file on disk.
	Path string

	// Origin is the canonical (lowercase, trailing dot) zone apex.
	Origin string

	// AutoCommit, when true, runs `git add <path> && git commit ...`
	// after every successful write. Defaults to true (per the chosen
	// architecture: every dynamic update should leave a git trail).
	AutoCommit bool

	// GitAuthorName and GitAuthorEmail are passed to `git commit`
	// via -c user.name and -c user.email so the commits are
	// attributable without depending on the system git config.
	GitAuthorName  string
	GitAuthorEmail string
}

// canon normalises a DNS name to the store's internal form: lowercase
// with trailing dot. miekg/dns sometimes hands us names without the
// trailing dot; passing through this once at the boundary keeps every
// lookup, every comparison consistent.
func canon(name string) string {
	return strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(name))
}

// openZoneFile prepares a zoneFile handle. Does NOT read or parse the
// file; that happens lazily in each operation (so the file's content
// is always fresh and we never serve a stale snapshot).
func openZoneFile(path, origin string) *zoneFile {
	return &zoneFile{
		Path:           path,
		Origin:         canon(origin),
		AutoCommit:     true,
		GitAuthorName:  "coredns-rfc2136",
		GitAuthorEmail: "rfc2136@coredns",
	}
}

// loadRRs reads the zone file and parses it into an RR slice via
// miekg/dns's zone parser. The parser handles $ORIGIN, $TTL, multi-line
// SOA, comments, includes, etc.
func (z *zoneFile) loadRRs() ([]dns.RR, error) {
	f, err := os.Open(z.Path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open %s: %w", z.Path, err)
	}
	defer f.Close()

	parser := dns.NewZoneParser(f, z.Origin, z.Path)
	parser.SetDefaultTTL(3600)

	var rrs []dns.RR
	for rr, ok := parser.Next(); ok; rr, ok = parser.Next() {
		rrs = append(rrs, rr)
	}
	if err := parser.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse %s: %w", z.Path, err)
	}
	if len(rrs) == 0 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: zero RRs parsed", z.Path)
	}
	return rrs, nil
}

// Lookup returns RRs in `rrs` matching (name, rtype). Both name and
// the RR header names are canonicalised for the comparison. Pass-by-
// slice rather than holding state means we can let the caller batch
// multiple operations against one snapshot of the file.
func lookupIn(rrs []dns.RR, name string, rtype uint16) []dns.RR {
	name = canon(name)
	var out []dns.RR
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		hdr := rr.Header()
		if canon(hdr.Name) == name && hdr.Rrtype == rtype {
			out = append(out, rr)
		}
	}
	return out
}

// nameExistsIn reports whether any RR's owner equals name (canonical).
func nameExistsIn(rrs []dns.RR, name string) bool {
	name = canon(name)
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		if canon(rr.Header().Name) == name {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// removeRRsetFrom returns rrs minus every RR matching (name, rtype).
func removeRRsetFrom(rrs []dns.RR, name string, rtype uint16) []dns.RR {
	name = canon(name)
	out := rrs[:0:0]
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		hdr := rr.Header()
		if canon(hdr.Name) == name && hdr.Rrtype == rtype {
			continue
		}
		out = append(out, rr)
	}
	return out
}

// removeNameFrom returns rrs minus every RR with the given owner name.
func removeNameFrom(rrs []dns.RR, name string) []dns.RR {
	name = canon(name)
	out := rrs[:0:0]
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		if canon(rr.Header().Name) == name {
			continue
		}
		out = append(out, rr)
	}
	return out
}

// removeRRFrom returns rrs minus the single RR matching the given one
// by owner + type + rdata. String() comparison covers rdata exactness.
func removeRRFrom(rrs []dns.RR, target dns.RR) []dns.RR {
	targetStr := target.String()
	out := rrs[:0:0]
	matched := false
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		if !matched && rr.String() == targetStr {
			matched = true
			continue
		}
		out = append(out, rr)
	}
	return out
}

// addRRTo appends rr to rrs unless an identical RR already exists
// (de-dupe semantics per RFC 2136 §3.4.2.2).
func addRRTo(rrs []dns.RR, rr dns.RR) []dns.RR {
	target := rr.String()
	for _, existing := range rrs {
		if existing.String() == target {
			return rrs
		}
	}
	return append(rrs, rr)
}

// bumpSerial advances the SOA's serial in CalVer (YYYYMMDDNN) form.
// Behaviour:
//   - If today is later than the existing serial's date, jump to
//     today with NN=01.
//   - Otherwise (same day, or serial-date is in the future), bump NN.
//   - Caps at NN=99; returns an error if exceeded.
//
// The SOA is found by type (there should be exactly one); mutated in
// place. The returned slice is the same slice with the SOA's serial
// updated.
func bumpSerial(rrs []dns.RR, now time.Time) error {
	var soa *dns.SOA
	for _, rr := range rrs {
		if s, ok := rr.(*dns.SOA); ok {
			soa = s
			break
		}
	}
	if soa == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("zone has no SOA record")
	}

	today := now.UTC().Format("20060102")
	cur := fmt.Sprintf("%d", soa.Serial)

	if len(cur) == 10 && cur[:8] == today {
		nn := atoi(cur[8:10])
		if nn >= 99 {
			return fmt.Errorf("serial counter exhausted for %s (NN=99)", today)
		}
		soa.Serial = uint32(parseUint(today)*100 + uint64(nn+1))
		return nil
	}

	// Either the date is older, or the format isn't CalVer at all —
	// either way, today + 01 is the next valid serial.
	soa.Serial = uint32(parseUint(today)*100 + 1)
	return nil
}

// atoi is a tiny helper that ignores errors — only called on a
// substring we already validated is two digits.
func atoi(s string) int {
	n := 0
	for _, c := range s {
		n = n*10 + int(c-'0')
	}
	return n
}

// parseUint parses an all-digits string into a uint64. Used because
// strconv.ParseUint adds error-handling overhead we don't need on
// internally-controlled inputs.
func parseUint(s string) uint64 {
	var n uint64
	for _, c := range s {
		n = n*10 + uint64(c-'0')
	}
	return n
}

// writeAtomic serializes rrs to a temp file in the same directory as
// z.Path, then renames over the destination. POSIX guarantees atomic
// rename on local filesystems, so a partial write can never leave a
// corrupt zone file on disk.
//
// Format: one RR per line, tab-separated owner/TTL/class/type/rdata.
// Comments and multi-line SOA formatting from the original file are
// NOT preserved (v1 limitation; sophisticated comment preservation can
// land in v2). A short header line is emitted with the write timestamp
// and the plugin name, so it's obvious in `git log` what touched the
// file.
func (z *zoneFile) writeAtomic(rrs []dns.RR, now time.Time) error {
	dir := filepath.Dir(z.Path)
	tmp, err := os.CreateTemp(dir, ".rfc2136-*.zone")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create temp: %w", err)
	}
	tmpPath := tmp.Name()
	// Best-effort cleanup if we fail before the rename.
	defer func() {
		if tmpPath != "" {
			_ = os.Remove(tmpPath)
		}
	}()

	header := fmt.Sprintf("; Auto-written by coredns-rfc2136 on %s\n; Zone: %s\n$ORIGIN %s\n",
		now.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339), z.Origin, z.Origin)
	if _, err := tmp.WriteString(header); err != nil {
		_ = tmp.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
	}

	for _, rr := range rrs {
		if _, err := tmp.WriteString(rr.String() + "\n"); err != nil {
			_ = tmp.Close()
			return fmt.Errorf("write rr: %w", err)
		}
	}

	if err := tmp.Sync(); err != nil {
		_ = tmp.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("sync: %w", err)
	}
	if err := tmp.Close(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close: %w", err)
	}
	if err := os.Rename(tmpPath, z.Path); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("rename %s -> %s: %w", tmpPath, z.Path, err)
	}
	tmpPath = "" // suppress cleanup; rename consumed it
	return nil
}

// commit stages and commits the zone file via git. Runs from the
// repository directory inferred from the zone file's parent. Returns
// nil silently if AutoCommit is false. Returns an error if the commit
// fails; the caller decides whether to roll back the file write.
func (z *zoneFile) commit(message string) error {
	if !z.AutoCommit {
		return nil
	}
	// We run git from the directory containing the zone file. git will
	// walk upward to find the .git dir.
	dir := filepath.Dir(z.Path)
	// `git add` first; if file is already in the index, no harm done.
	add := exec.Command("git",
		"-C", dir,
		"add", "--", z.Path,
	)
	if out, err := add.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("git add failed: %w: %s", err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
	}
	commit := exec.Command("git",
		"-C", dir,
		"-c", "user.name="+z.GitAuthorName,
		"-c", "user.email="+z.GitAuthorEmail,
		"commit", "-q", "-m", message, "--", z.Path,
	)
	if out, err := commit.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("git commit failed: %w: %s", err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
	}
	return nil
}