feat: completely overhaul the auth model

* Cookies are now encrypted JWTs (GHSA-wrqq-v7qw-r5w7)
* Authentication is stored in the SQLite database (auto-migrated)
* Session logic is much cleaner

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 - Begin using a new SQLite database file in `/var/lib/headplane/hp_persist.db`.
 	- The database is created automatically if it does not exist.
 	- It currently stores SSH connection details and HostInfo for the agent.
+	- User information is automatically migrated from the previous database.
 - The docker container now runs in a distroless image (closes [#255](https://github.com/tale/headplane/issues/255)).
 	- A debug version of the container that runs as root and has a shell is available as `ghcr.io/tale/headplane:<version>-shell`.
 - Removing a Split DNS record will no longer make the split domain unresolvable by clients (closes [#231](https://github.com/tale/headplane/issues/231)).
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@
     - See the full reference in the [docs](https://github.com/tale/headplane/blob/main/docs/Configuration.md#sensitive-values)
 - The nix overlay build is fixed for the SSH module (via [#282](https://github.com/tale/headplane/pull/282))
 - Switch our build processes to use TypeScript Go and Rolldown Vite for better build and type-check performance.
+- Cookies are now encrypted JWTs, preserving API key secrets (*GHSA-wrqq-v7qw-r5w7*)
 
 ### 0.6.0 (May 25, 2025)
 - Headplane 0.6.0 now requires **Headscale 0.26.0** or newer.

app/layouts/dashboard.tsx

@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ export async function loader({
 	// TODO: Notify in the logs or the UI that OIDC auth key is wrong if enabled
 	if (healthy) {
 		try {
-			await context.client.get('v1/apikey', session.get('api_key')!);
+			await context.client.get('v1/apikey', session.api_key);
 		} catch (error) {
 			if (error instanceof ResponseError) {
 				log.debug('api', 'API Key validation failed %o', error);
 				return redirect('/login', {
 					headers: {
-						'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroy(session),
+						'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroySession(),
 					},
 				});
 			}
@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@ export async function loader({
 
 export default function Layout() {
 	return (
-		<>
+		<main className="container mx-auto overscroll-contain mt-4 mb-24">
-			<main className="container mx-auto overscroll-contain mt-4 mb-24">
+			<Outlet />
-				<Outlet />
+		</main>
-			</main>
-		</>
 	);
 }
 

app/layouts/shell.tsx

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm';
 import { CircleCheckIcon } from 'lucide-react';
 import {
 	LoaderFunctionArgs,
@@ -10,9 +11,8 @@ import Card from '~/components/Card';
 import Footer from '~/components/Footer';
 import Header from '~/components/Header';
 import type { LoadContext } from '~/server';
+import { users } from '~/server/db/schema';
 import { Capabilities } from '~/server/web/roles';
-import { User } from '~/types';
-import log from '~/utils/log';
 import toast from '~/utils/toast';
 
 // This loads the bare minimum for the application to function
@@ -23,72 +23,18 @@ export async function loader({
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
 	try {
 		const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
-		if (!session.has('api_key')) {
+		if (
-			// There is a session, but it's not valid
+			context.oidc &&
-			return redirect('/login', {
+			session.user.subject !== 'unknown-non-oauth' &&
-				headers: {
+			!request.url.endsWith('/onboarding')
-					'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroy(session),
+		) {
-				},
+			const [user] = await context.db
-			});
+				.select()
-		}
+				.from(users)
+				.where(eq(users.sub, session.user.subject))
+				.limit(1);
 
-		// Onboarding is only a feature of the OIDC flow
+			if (!user?.onboarded) {
-		if (context.oidc && !request.url.endsWith('/onboarding')) {
-			let onboarded = false;
-
-			const sessionUser = session.get('user');
-			if (sessionUser) {
-				if (context.sessions.onboardForSubject(sessionUser.subject)) {
-					// Assume onboarded
-					onboarded = true;
-				} else {
-					try {
-						const { users } = await context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>(
-							'v1/user',
-							session.get('api_key')!,
-						);
-
-						if (users.length === 0) {
-							onboarded = false;
-						}
-
-						const user = users.find((u) => {
-							if (u.provider !== 'oidc') {
-								return false;
-							}
-
-							// For some reason, headscale makes providerID a url where the
-							// last component is the subject, so we need to strip that out
-							const subject = u.providerId?.split('/').pop();
-							if (!subject) {
-								return false;
-							}
-
-							const sessionUser = session.get('user');
-							if (!sessionUser) {
-								return false;
-							}
-
-							if (context.sessions.onboardForSubject(sessionUser.subject)) {
-								// Assume onboarded
-								return true;
-							}
-
-							return subject === sessionUser.subject;
-						});
-
-						if (user) {
-							onboarded = true;
-						}
-					} catch (e) {
-						// If we cannot lookup users, just assume our user is onboarded
-						log.debug('api', 'Failed to lookup users %o', e);
-						onboarded = true;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			if (!onboarded) {
 				return redirect('/onboarding');
 			}
 		}
@@ -99,7 +45,7 @@ export async function loader({
 			url: context.config.headscale.public_url ?? context.config.headscale.url,
 			configAvailable: context.hs.readable(),
 			debug: context.config.debug,
-			user: session.get('user'),
+			user: session.user,
 			uiAccess: check,
 			access: {
 				ui: await context.sessions.check(request, Capabilities.ui_access),
@@ -119,8 +65,11 @@ export async function loader({
 			healthy: await context.client.healthcheck(),
 		};
 	} catch {
-		// No session, so we can just return
+		return redirect('/login', {
-		return redirect('/login');
+			headers: {
+				'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroySession(),
+			},
+		});
 	}
 }
 

app/routes/acls/acl-action.ts

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export async function aclAction({
 		const { policy, updatedAt } = await context.client.put<{
 			policy: string;
 			updatedAt: string;
-		}>('v1/policy', session.get('api_key')!, {
+		}>('v1/policy', session.api_key, {
 			policy: policyData,
 		});
 

app/routes/acls/acl-loader.ts

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export async function aclLoader({
 		const { policy, updatedAt } = await context.client.get<{
 			policy: string;
 			updatedAt: string | null;
-		}>('v1/policy', session.get('api_key')!);
+		}>('v1/policy', session.api_key);
 
 		// Successfully loaded the policy, mark it as readable
 		// If `updatedAt` is null, it means the policy is in file mode.

app/routes/auth/login/action.ts

@@ -60,25 +60,23 @@ export async function loginAction({
 			};
 		}
 
-		// Set the session
-		const session = await context.sessions.getOrCreate(request);
 		const expiresDays = Math.round(
 			(expiry.getTime() - Date.now()) / 1000 / 60 / 60 / 24,
 		);
 
-		session.set('state', 'auth');
-		session.set('api_key', apiKey);
-		session.set('user', {
-			subject: 'unknown-non-oauth',
-			name: `${lookup.prefix}...`,
-			email: `expires@${expiresDays.toString()}-days`,
-		});
-
 		return redirect('/machines', {
 			headers: {
-				'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.commit(session, {
+				'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.createSession(
-					maxAge: expiry.getTime() - Date.now(),
+					{
-				}),
+						api_key: apiKey,
+						user: {
+							subject: 'unknown-non-oauth',
+							name: `${lookup.prefix}...`,
+							email: `expires@${expiresDays.toString()}-days`,
+						},
+					},
+					expiry.getTime() - Date.now(),
+				),
 			},
 		});
 	} catch (error) {

app/routes/auth/login/page.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import { useEffect } from 'react';
 import {
 	ActionFunctionArgs,
+	data,
 	Form,
 	LoaderFunctionArgs,
 	Link as RemixLink,
-	data,
 	redirect,
 	useActionData,
 	useLoaderData,
@@ -24,10 +24,8 @@ export async function loader({
 	context,
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
 	try {
-		const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
+		await context.sessions.auth(request);
-		if (session.has('api_key')) {
+		return redirect('/machines');
-			return redirect('/machines');
-		}
 	} catch {}
 
 	const qp = new URL(request.url).searchParams;
@@ -104,26 +102,26 @@ export default function Page() {
 						terminal.
 					</Card.Text>
 					<Input
+						className="mt-8 mb-2"
 						isRequired
-						labelHidden
 						label="API Key"
+						labelHidden
 						name="api_key"
 						placeholder="API Key"
 						type="password"
-						className="mt-8 mb-2"
 					/>
 					{formData?.success === false ? (
 						<Card.Text className="text-sm mb-2 text-red-600 dark:text-red-300">
 							{formData.message}
 						</Card.Text>
 					) : undefined}
-					<Button className="w-full" variant="heavy" type="submit">
+					<Button className="w-full" type="submit" variant="heavy">
 						Sign In
 					</Button>
 				</Form>
 				{oidc ? (
 					<RemixLink to="/oidc/start">
-						<Button variant="light" className="w-full mt-2">
+						<Button className="w-full mt-2" variant="light">
 							Single Sign-On
 						</Button>
 					</RemixLink>

app/routes/auth/logout.ts

@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ export async function action({
 	request,
 	context,
 }: ActionFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
-	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
+	try {
-	if (!session.has('api_key')) {
+		await context.sessions.auth(request);
-		return redirect('/login');
+	} catch {
+		redirect('/login');
 	}
 
 	// When API key is disabled, we need to explicitly redirect
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ export async function action({
 
 	return redirect(url, {
 		headers: {
-			'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroy(session),
+			'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.destroySession(),
 		},
 	});
 }

app/routes/auth/oidc-callback.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
-import { type LoaderFunctionArgs, Session, redirect } from 'react-router';
+import { count } from 'drizzle-orm';
+import { createCookie, type LoaderFunctionArgs, redirect } from 'react-router';
+import { ulid } from 'ulidx';
 import type { LoadContext } from '~/server';
-import type { AuthSession, OidcFlowSession } from '~/server/web/sessions';
+import { users } from '~/server/db/schema';
+import { Roles } from '~/server/web/roles';
 import { finishAuthFlow, formatError } from '~/utils/oidc';
 import { send } from '~/utils/res';
 
+interface OidcFlowSession {
+	state: string;
+	nonce: string;
+	code_verifier: string;
+	redirect_uri: string;
+}
+
 export async function loader({
 	request,
 	context,
@@ -18,13 +28,21 @@ export async function loader({
 		return redirect('/login');
 	}
 
-	const session = await context.sessions.getOrCreate<OidcFlowSession>(request);
+	const cookie = createCookie('__oidc_auth_flow', {
-	if (session.get('state') !== 'flow') {
+		httpOnly: true,
-		return redirect('/login'); // Haven't started an OIDC flow
+		maxAge: 300, // 5 minutes
+	});
+
+	const data: OidcFlowSession | null = await cookie.parse(
+		request.headers.get('Cookie'),
+	);
+
+	if (data === null) {
+		console.warn('OIDC flow session not found');
+		return redirect('/login');
 	}
 
-	const payload = session.get('oidc')!;
+	const { code_verifier, state, nonce, redirect_uri } = data;
-	const { code_verifier, state, nonce, redirect_uri } = payload;
 	if (!code_verifier || !state || !nonce || !redirect_uri) {
 		return send({ error: 'Missing OIDC state' }, { status: 400 });
 	}
@@ -43,19 +61,30 @@ export async function loader({
 
 	try {
 		const user = await finishAuthFlow(context.oidc, flowOptions);
-		session.unset('oidc');
-		const userSession = session as Session<AuthSession>;
 
-		// TODO: This is breaking, to stop the "over-generation" of API
+		const [{ count: userCount }] = await context.db
-		// keys because they are currently non-deletable in the headscale
+			.select({ count: count() })
-		// database. Look at this in the future once we have a solution
+			.from(users);
-		// or we have permissioned API keys.
+
-		userSession.set('user', user);
+		await context.db
-		userSession.set('api_key', context.config.oidc?.headscale_api_key!);
+			.insert(users)
-		userSession.set('state', 'auth');
+			.values({
+				id: ulid(),
+				sub: user.subject,
+				caps: userCount === 0 ? Roles.owner : Roles.member,
+			})
+			.onConflictDoNothing();
+
 		return redirect('/machines', {
 			headers: {
-				'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.commit(userSession),
+				'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.createSession({
+					// TODO: This is breaking, to stop the "over-generation" of API
+					// keys because they are currently non-deletable in the headscale
+					// database. Look at this in the future once we have a solution
+					// or we have permissioned API keys.
+					api_key: context.config.oidc?.headscale_api_key!,
+					user,
+				}),
 			},
 		});
 	} catch (error) {

app/routes/auth/oidc-start.ts

@@ -1,42 +1,42 @@
-import { type LoaderFunctionArgs, Session, redirect } from 'react-router';
+import { createCookie, type LoaderFunctionArgs, redirect } from 'react-router';
 import type { LoadContext } from '~/server';
-import { AuthSession, OidcFlowSession } from '~/server/web/sessions';
 import { beginAuthFlow, getRedirectUri } from '~/utils/oidc';
 
 export async function loader({
 	request,
 	context,
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
-	const session = await context.sessions.getOrCreate<OidcFlowSession>(request);
+	try {
-	if ((session as Session<AuthSession>).has('api_key')) {
+		await context.sessions.auth(request);
 		return redirect('/machines');
-	}
+	} catch {}
 
-	if (!context.oidc) {
+	if (!context.oidc || !context.config.oidc) {
 		throw new Error('OIDC is not enabled');
 	}
 
+	const cookie = createCookie('__oidc_auth_flow', {
+		httpOnly: true,
+		maxAge: 300, // 5 minutes
+	});
+
 	const redirectUri =
 		context.config.oidc?.redirect_uri ?? getRedirectUri(request);
 	const data = await beginAuthFlow(
 		context.oidc,
 		redirectUri,
-		// We can't get here without the OIDC config being defined
+		context.config.oidc.token_endpoint_auth_method,
-		context.config.oidc!.token_endpoint_auth_method,
 	);
 
-	session.set('state', 'flow');
-	session.set('oidc', {
-		state: data.state,
-		nonce: data.nonce,
-		code_verifier: data.codeVerifier,
-		redirect_uri: redirectUri,
-	});
-
 	return redirect(data.url, {
 		status: 302,
 		headers: {
-			'Set-Cookie': await context.sessions.commit(session),
+			'Set-Cookie': await cookie.serialize({
+				state: data.state,
+				nonce: data.nonce,
+				code_verifier: data.codeVerifier,
+				redirect_uri: redirectUri,
+			}),
 		},
 	});
 }

app/routes/machines/machine-actions.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export async function machineAction({
 	);
 
 	const formData = await request.formData();
-	const apiKey = session.get('api_key')!;
+	const apiKey = session.api_key;
 
 	const action = formData.get('action_id')?.toString();
 	if (!action) {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export async function machineAction({
 	}
 
 	if (
-		node.user.providerId?.split('/').pop() !== session.get('user')!.subject &&
+		node.user.providerId?.split('/').pop() !== session.user.subject &&
 		!check
 	) {
 		throw data('You do not have permission to act on this machine', {

app/routes/machines/machine.tsx

@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ export async function loader({
 	const [machine, { users }] = await Promise.all([
 		context.client.get<{ node: Machine }>(
 			`v1/node/${params.id}`,
-			session.get('api_key')!,
+			session.api_key,
 		),
-		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.get('api_key')!),
+		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.api_key),
 	]);
 
 	const lookup = await context.agents?.lookup([machine.node.nodeKey]);
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export default function Page() {
 	return (
 		<div>
 			<p className="mb-8 text-md">
-				<RemixLink to="/machines" className="font-medium">
+				<RemixLink className="font-medium" to="/machines">
 					All Machines
 				</RemixLink>
 				<span className="mx-2">/</span>
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ export default function Page() {
 			>
 				<span className="flex items-baseline gap-x-4 text-sm">
 					<h1 className="text-2xl font-medium">{node.givenName}</h1>
-					<StatusCircle isOnline={node.online} className="w-4 h-4" />
+					<StatusCircle className="w-4 h-4" isOnline={node.online} />
 				</span>
-				<MenuOptions isFullButton node={node} users={users} magic={magic} />
+				<MenuOptions isFullButton magic={magic} node={node} users={users} />
 			</div>
 			<div className="flex gap-1 mb-4">
 				<div className="border-r border-headplane-100 dark:border-headplane-800 p-2 pr-4">
@@ -123,14 +123,14 @@ export default function Page() {
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
-			<Routes node={node} isOpen={showRouting} setIsOpen={setShowRouting} />
+			<Routes isOpen={showRouting} node={node} setIsOpen={setShowRouting} />
 			<h2 className="text-xl font-medium mt-8">Subnets & Routing</h2>
 			<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
 				<p>
 					Subnets let you expose physical network routes onto Tailscale.{' '}
 					<Link
-						to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1019/subnets"
 						name="Tailscale Subnets Documentation"
+						to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1019/subnets"
 					>
 						Learn More
 					</Link>
@@ -138,11 +138,11 @@ export default function Page() {
 				<Button onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}>Review</Button>
 			</div>
 			<Card
-				variant="flat"
 				className={cn(
 					'w-full max-w-full grid sm:grid-cols-2',
 					'md:grid-cols-4 gap-8 mr-2 text-sm mb-8',
 				)}
+				variant="flat"
 			>
 				<div>
 					<span className="text-headplane-600 dark:text-headplane-300 flex items-center gap-x-1">
@@ -166,11 +166,11 @@ export default function Page() {
 						)}
 					</div>
 					<Button
-						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 						className={cn(
 							'px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md mt-1.5',
 							'text-blue-500 dark:text-blue-400',
 						)}
+						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 					>
 						Edit
 					</Button>
@@ -198,11 +198,11 @@ export default function Page() {
 						)}
 					</div>
 					<Button
-						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 						className={cn(
 							'px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md mt-1.5',
 							'text-blue-500 dark:text-blue-400',
 						)}
+						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 					>
 						Edit
 					</Button>
@@ -233,11 +233,11 @@ export default function Page() {
 						)}
 					</div>
 					<Button
-						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 						className={cn(
 							'px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md mt-1.5',
 							'text-blue-500 dark:text-blue-400',
 						)}
+						onPress={() => setShowRouting(true)}
 					>
 						Edit
 					</Button>
@@ -249,15 +249,15 @@ export default function Page() {
 				issues.
 			</p>
 			<Card
-				variant="flat"
 				className="w-full max-w-full grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 gap-y-2 sm:gap-x-12"
+				variant="flat"
 			>
 				<div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
 					<Attribute name="Creator" value={node.user.name || node.user.email} />
 					<Attribute name="Machine name" value={node.givenName} />
 					<Attribute
-						tooltip="OS hostname is published by the machine’s operating system and is used as the default name for the machine."
 						name="OS hostname"
+						tooltip="OS hostname is published by the machine’s operating system and is used as the default name for the machine."
 						value={node.name}
 					/>
 					{stats ? (
@@ -267,14 +267,14 @@ export default function Page() {
 						</>
 					) : undefined}
 					<Attribute
-						tooltip="ID for this machine. Used in the Headscale API."
 						name="ID"
+						tooltip="ID for this machine. Used in the Headscale API."
 						value={node.id}
 					/>
 					<Attribute
 						isCopyable
-						tooltip="Public key which uniquely identifies this machine."
 						name="Node key"
+						tooltip="Public key which uniquely identifies this machine."
 						value={node.nodeKey}
 					/>
 					<Attribute
@@ -311,27 +311,27 @@ export default function Page() {
 					</p>
 					<Attribute
 						isCopyable
-						tooltip="This machine’s IPv4 address within your tailnet (your private Tailscale network)."
 						name="Tailscale IPv4"
+						tooltip="This machine’s IPv4 address within your tailnet (your private Tailscale network)."
 						value={getIpv4Address(node.ipAddresses)}
 					/>
 					<Attribute
 						isCopyable
-						tooltip="This machine’s IPv6 address within your tailnet (your private Tailscale network). Connections within your tailnet support IPv6 even if your ISP does not."
 						name="Tailscale IPv6"
+						tooltip="This machine’s IPv6 address within your tailnet (your private Tailscale network). Connections within your tailnet support IPv6 even if your ISP does not."
 						value={getIpv6Address(node.ipAddresses)}
 					/>
 					<Attribute
 						isCopyable
-						tooltip="Users of your tailnet can use this DNS short name to access this machine."
 						name="Short domain"
+						tooltip="Users of your tailnet can use this DNS short name to access this machine."
 						value={node.givenName}
 					/>
 					{magic ? (
 						<Attribute
 							isCopyable
-							tooltip="Users of your tailnet can use this DNS name to access this machine."
 							name="Full domain"
+							tooltip="Users of your tailnet can use this DNS name to access this machine."
 							value={`${node.givenName}.${magic}`}
 						/>
 					) : undefined}
@@ -341,13 +341,13 @@ export default function Page() {
 								Client Connectivity
 							</p>
 							<Attribute
-								tooltip="Whether the machine is behind a difficult NAT that varies the machine’s IP address depending on the destination."
 								name="Varies"
+								tooltip="Whether the machine is behind a difficult NAT that varies the machine’s IP address depending on the destination."
 								value={stats.NetInfo?.MappingVariesByDestIP ? 'Yes' : 'No'}
 							/>
 							<Attribute
-								tooltip="Whether the machine needs to traverse NATs with hairpinning."
 								name="Hairpinning"
+								tooltip="Whether the machine needs to traverse NATs with hairpinning."
 								value={stats.NetInfo?.HairPinning ? 'Yes' : 'No'}
 							/>
 							<Attribute

app/routes/machines/overview.tsx

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export async function loader({
 	context,
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
 	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
-	const user = session.get('user');
+	const user = session.user;
 	if (!user) {
 		throw new Error('Missing user session. Please log in again.');
 	}
@@ -41,11 +41,8 @@ export async function loader({
 	);
 
 	const [{ nodes }, { users }] = await Promise.all([
-		context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>(
+		context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>('v1/node', session.api_key),
-			'v1/node',
+		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.api_key),
-			session.get('api_key')!,
-		),
-		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.get('api_key')!),
 	]);
 
 	let magic: string | undefined;
@@ -90,18 +87,18 @@ export default function Page() {
 					<p>
 						Manage the devices connected to your Tailnet.{' '}
 						<Link
-							to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1372/manage-devices"
 							name="Tailscale Manage Devices Documentation"
+							to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1372/manage-devices"
 						>
 							Learn more
 						</Link>
 					</p>
 				</div>
 				<NewMachine
+					disabledKeys={data.preAuth ? [] : ['pre-auth']}
+					isDisabled={!data.writable}
 					server={data.publicServer ?? data.server}
 					users={data.users}
-					isDisabled={!data.writable}
-					disabledKeys={data.preAuth ? [] : ['pre-auth']}
 				/>
 			</div>
 			<table className="table-auto w-full rounded-lg">
@@ -141,16 +138,16 @@ export default function Page() {
 				>
 					{data.populatedNodes.map((machine) => (
 						<MachineRow
-							key={machine.id}
-							node={machine}
-							users={data.users}
-							magic={data.magic}
 							isAgent={data.agent ? data.agent === machine.nodeKey : undefined}
 							isDisabled={
 								data.writable
 									? false // If the user has write permissions, they can edit all machines
 									: machine.user.providerId?.split('/').pop() !== data.subject
 							}
+							key={machine.id}
+							magic={data.magic}
+							node={machine}
+							users={data.users}
 						/>
 					))}
 				</tbody>

app/routes/settings/auth-keys/actions.ts

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export async function authKeysAction({
 	}
 
 	const formData = await request.formData();
-	const apiKey = session.get('api_key')!;
+	const apiKey = session.api_key;
 	const action = formData.get('action_id')?.toString();
 	if (!action) {
 		throw data('Missing `action_id` in the form data.', {

app/routes/settings/auth-keys/overview.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import { FileKey2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import type { ActionFunctionArgs, LoaderFunctionArgs } from 'react-router';
-import { useLoaderData } from 'react-router';
+import { Link as RemixLink, useLoaderData } from 'react-router';
-import { Link as RemixLink } from 'react-router';
 import Code from '~/components/Code';
 import Link from '~/components/Link';
 import Notice from '~/components/Notice';
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ export async function loader({
 	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
 	const { users } = await context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>(
 		'v1/user',
-		session.get('api_key')!,
+		session.api_key,
 	);
 
 	const preAuthKeys = await Promise.all(
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ export async function loader({
 				try {
 					const { preAuthKeys } = await context.client.get<{
 						preAuthKeys: PreAuthKey[];
-					}>(`v1/preauthkey?${qp.toString()}`, session.get('api_key')!);
+					}>(`v1/preauthkey?${qp.toString()}`, session.api_key);
 					return {
 						success: true,
 						user,
@@ -139,13 +138,15 @@ export default function Page() {
 
 					return key.reusable;
 				}
+
+				return false;
 			});
 	}, [keys, selectedUser, status]);
 
 	return (
 		<div className="flex flex-col md:w-2/3">
 			<p className="mb-8 text-md">
-				<RemixLink to="/settings" className="font-medium">
+				<RemixLink className="font-medium" to="/settings">
 					Settings
 				</RemixLink>
 				<span className="mx-2">/</span> Pre-Auth Keys
@@ -176,8 +177,8 @@ export default function Page() {
 				devices to your Tailnet. To learn more about using pre-authentication
 				keys, visit the{' '}
 				<Link
-					to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1085/auth-keys/"
 					name="Tailscale Auth Keys documentation"
+					to="https://tailscale.com/kb/1085/auth-keys/"
 				>
 					Tailscale documentation
 				</Link>
@@ -185,14 +186,14 @@ export default function Page() {
 			<AddAuthKey users={users} />
 			<div className="flex items-center gap-4 mt-4">
 				<Select
-					label="User"
-					placeholder="Select a user"
 					className="w-full"
 					defaultSelectedKey="__headplane_all"
 					isDisabled={isDisabled}
+					label="User"
 					onSelectionChange={(value) =>
 						setSelectedUser(value?.toString() ?? '')
 					}
+					placeholder="Select a user"
 				>
 					{[
 						<Select.Item key="__headplane_all">All</Select.Item>,
@@ -202,14 +203,14 @@ export default function Page() {
 					]}
 				</Select>
 				<Select
-					label="Status"
-					placeholder="Select a status"
 					className="w-full"
 					defaultSelectedKey="active"
 					isDisabled={isDisabled}
+					label="Status"
 					onSelectionChange={(value) =>
 						setStatus((value?.toString() ?? 'active') as Status)
 					}
+					placeholder="Select a status"
 				>
 					<Select.Item key="all">All</Select.Item>
 					<Select.Item key="active">Active</Select.Item>

app/routes/ssh/console.tsx

@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
+/** biome-ignore-all lint/correctness/noNestedComponentDefinitions: Wtf? */
 import { faker } from '@faker-js/faker';
+import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm';
 import { Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import {
 	ActionFunctionArgs,
+	data,
 	LoaderFunctionArgs,
 	ShouldRevalidateFunction,
-	data,
 	useLoaderData,
 	useSubmit,
 } from 'react-router';
+import wasm from '~/hp_ssh.wasm?url';
 import { LoadContext } from '~/server';
+import { EphemeralNodeInsert, ephemeralNodes } from '~/server/db/schema';
 import { Machine, PreAuthKey, User } from '~/types';
 import { useLiveData } from '~/utils/live-data';
-import XTerm from './xterm.client';
-
-import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm';
-import wasm from '~/hp_ssh.wasm?url';
-import { EphemeralNodeInsert, ephemeralNodes } from '~/server/db/schema';
 import '~/wasm_exec';
 import UserPrompt from './user-prompt';
+import XTerm from './xterm.client';
 
 export const shouldRevalidate: ShouldRevalidateFunction = () => {
 	return false;
@@ -36,16 +36,12 @@ export async function loader({
 	}
 
 	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
-	const user = session.get('user');
+	if (session.user.subject === 'unknown-non-oauth') {
-	if (!user) {
-		throw data('Unauthorized', 401);
-	}
-	if (user.subject === 'unknown-non-oauth') {
 		throw data('Only OAuth users are allowed to use WebSSH', 403);
 	}
 	const { users } = await context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>(
 		'v1/user',
-		session.get('api_key')!,
+		session.api_key,
 	);
 
 	// MARK: This assumes that a user has authenticated with Headscale first
@@ -57,19 +53,19 @@ export async function loader({
 		if (!subject) {
 			return false;
 		}
-		return subject === user.subject;
+		return subject === session.user.subject;
 	});
 
 	if (!lookup) {
 		throw data(
-			`User with subject ${user.subject} not found within Headscale`,
+			`User with subject ${session.user.subject} not found within Headscale`,
 			404,
 		);
 	}
 
 	const { preAuthKey } = await context.client.post<{ preAuthKey: PreAuthKey }>(
 		'v1/preauthkey',
-		session.get('api_key')!,
+		session.api_key,
 		{
 			user: lookup.id,
 			reusable: false,
@@ -122,7 +118,7 @@ export async function loader({
 
 	const { nodes } = await context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>(
 		'v1/node',
-		session.get('api_key')!,
+		session.api_key,
 	);
 
 	// node.name is the hostname, given_name is the set name
@@ -133,7 +129,7 @@ export async function loader({
 
 	// Last thing is keeping track of the ephemeral node in the database
 	// because Headscale doesn't automatically delete ephemeral nodes???
-	const [ephemeralNode] = await context.db
+	const [_ephemeralNode] = await context.db
 		.insert(ephemeralNodes)
 		.values({
 			auth_key: preAuthKey.key,
@@ -176,7 +172,7 @@ export async function action({
 	request,
 	context,
 }: ActionFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
-	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
+	const _session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
 	if (!context.agents?.agentID()) {
 		throw data(
 			'WebSSH is only available with the Headplane agent integration',
@@ -274,9 +270,9 @@ export default function Page() {
 			) : (
 				<div className="flex flex-col h-screen">
 					<XTerm
+						hostname={sshDetails.hostname}
 						ipn={ipn}
 						username={sshDetails.username}
-						hostname={sshDetails.hostname}
 					/>
 				</div>
 			)}

app/routes/users/onboarding-skip.tsx

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
+import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm';
 import { LoaderFunctionArgs, redirect } from 'react-router';
 import { LoadContext } from '~/server';
+import { users } from '~/server/db/schema';
 
 export async function loader({
 	request,
 	context,
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
-	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
+	try {
-	const user = session.get('user');
+		const { user } = await context.sessions.auth(request);
-	if (!user) {
+		await context.db
+			.update(users)
+			.set({
+				onboarded: true,
+			})
+			.where(eq(users.sub, user.subject));
+
+		return redirect('/machines');
+	} catch {
 		return redirect('/login');
 	}
-
-	context.sessions.overrideOnboarding(user.subject, true);
-	return redirect('/machines');
 }

app/routes/users/onboarding.tsx

@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@ import { GrApple } from 'react-icons/gr';
 import { ImFinder } from 'react-icons/im';
 import { MdAndroid } from 'react-icons/md';
 import { PiTerminalFill, PiWindowsLogoFill } from 'react-icons/pi';
-import {
+import { LoaderFunctionArgs, NavLink, useLoaderData } from 'react-router';
-	LoaderFunctionArgs,
-	NavLink,
-	redirect,
-	useLoaderData,
-} from 'react-router';
 import Button from '~/components/Button';
 import Card from '~/components/Card';
 import Link from '~/components/Link';
@@ -27,10 +22,6 @@ export async function loader({
 	context,
 }: LoaderFunctionArgs<LoadContext>) {
 	const session = await context.sessions.auth(request);
-	const user = session.get('user');
-	if (!user) {
-		return redirect('/login');
-	}
 
 	// Try to determine the OS split between Linux, Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android
 	// We need to convert this to a known value to return it to the client so we can
@@ -60,11 +51,11 @@ export async function loader({
 			break;
 	}
 
-	let firstMachine: Machine | undefined = undefined;
+	let firstMachine: Machine | undefined;
 	try {
 		const { nodes } = await context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>(
 			'v1/node',
-			session.get('api_key')!,
+			session.api_key,
 		);
 
 		const node = nodes.find((n) => {
@@ -79,12 +70,7 @@ export async function loader({
 				return false;
 			}
 
-			const sessionUser = session.get('user');
+			if (subject !== session.user.subject) {
-			if (!sessionUser) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			if (subject !== sessionUser.subject) {
 				return false;
 			}
 
@@ -98,7 +84,7 @@ export async function loader({
 	}
 
 	return {
-		user,
+		user: session.user,
 		osValue,
 		firstMachine,
 	};
@@ -126,7 +112,7 @@ export default function Page() {
 	return (
 		<div className="fixed w-full h-screen flex items-center px-4">
 			<div className="w-fit mx-auto grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 mb-24">
-				<Card variant="flat" className="max-w-lg">
+				<Card className="max-w-lg" variant="flat">
 					<Card.Title className="mb-8">
 						Welcome!
 						<br />
@@ -138,9 +124,9 @@ export default function Page() {
 					</Card.Text>
 
 					<Options
+						className="my-4"
 						defaultSelectedKey={osValue}
 						label="Download Selector"
-						className="my-4"
 					>
 						<Options.Item
 							key="linux"
@@ -183,12 +169,12 @@ export default function Page() {
 							}
 						>
 							<a
-								href="https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/tailscale-setup-latest.exe"
 								aria-label="Download for Windows"
-								target="_blank"
+								href="https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/tailscale-setup-latest.exe"
 								rel="noreferrer"
+								target="_blank"
 							>
-								<Button variant="heavy" className="my-4 w-full">
+								<Button className="my-4 w-full" variant="heavy">
 									Download for Windows
 								</Button>
 							</a>
@@ -206,12 +192,12 @@ export default function Page() {
 							}
 						>
 							<a
-								href="https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/Tailscale-latest-macos.pkg"
 								aria-label="Download for macOS"
-								target="_blank"
+								href="https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/Tailscale-latest-macos.pkg"
 								rel="noreferrer"
+								target="_blank"
 							>
-								<Button variant="heavy" className="my-4 w-full">
+								<Button className="my-4 w-full" variant="heavy">
 									Download for macOS
 								</Button>
 							</a>
@@ -238,12 +224,12 @@ export default function Page() {
 							}
 						>
 							<a
-								href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tailscale/id1470499037"
 								aria-label="Download for iOS"
-								target="_blank"
+								href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tailscale/id1470499037"
 								rel="noreferrer"
+								target="_blank"
 							>
-								<Button variant="heavy" className="my-4 w-full">
+								<Button className="my-4 w-full" variant="heavy">
 									Download for iOS
 								</Button>
 							</a>
@@ -261,12 +247,12 @@ export default function Page() {
 							}
 						>
 							<a
-								href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tailscale.ipn"
 								aria-label="Download for Android"
-								target="_blank"
+								href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tailscale.ipn"
 								rel="noreferrer"
+								target="_blank"
 							>
-								<Button variant="heavy" className="my-4 w-full">
+								<Button className="my-4 w-full" variant="heavy">
 									Download for Android
 								</Button>
 							</a>
@@ -287,8 +273,8 @@ export default function Page() {
 							<div className="border border-headplane-100 dark:border-headplane-800 rounded-xl p-4">
 								<div className="flex items-start gap-4">
 									<StatusCircle
-										isOnline={firstMachine.online}
 										className="size-6 mt-3"
+										isOnline={firstMachine.online}
 									/>
 									<div>
 										<p className="font-semibold leading-snug">
@@ -300,7 +286,7 @@ export default function Page() {
 										<div className="mt-6">
 											<p className="text-sm font-semibold">IP Addresses</p>
 											{firstMachine.ipAddresses.map((ip) => (
-												<p key={ip} className="text-xs font-mono opacity-50">
+												<p className="text-xs font-mono opacity-50" key={ip}>
 													{ip}
 												</p>
 											))}
@@ -308,8 +294,8 @@ export default function Page() {
 									</div>
 								</div>
 							</div>
-							<NavLink to="/">
+							<NavLink to="/onboarding/skip">
-								<Button variant="heavy" className="w-full">
+								<Button className="w-full" variant="heavy">
 									Continue
 								</Button>
 							</NavLink>
@@ -335,7 +321,7 @@ export default function Page() {
 						</div>
 					)}
 				</Card>
-				<NavLink to="/onboarding/skip" className="col-span-2 w-max mx-auto">
+				<NavLink className="col-span-2 w-max mx-auto" to="/onboarding/skip">
 					<Button className="flex items-center gap-1">
 						I already know what I'm doing
 						<ArrowRight className="p-1" />

app/routes/users/overview.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import type { ActionFunctionArgs, LoaderFunctionArgs } from 'react-router';
-import { useLoaderData, useSubmit } from 'react-router';
+import { useLoaderData } from 'react-router';
 import type { LoadContext } from '~/server';
 import { Capabilities } from '~/server/web/roles';
 import { Machine, User } from '~/types';
@@ -32,11 +32,8 @@ export async function loader({
 	);
 
 	const [machines, apiUsers] = await Promise.all([
-		context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>(
+		context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>('v1/node', session.api_key),
-			'v1/node',
+		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.api_key),
-			session.get('api_key')!,
-		),
-		context.client.get<{ users: User[] }>('v1/user', session.get('api_key')!),
 	]);
 
 	const users = apiUsers.users.map((user) => ({
@@ -44,30 +41,32 @@ export async function loader({
 		machines: machines.nodes.filter((machine) => machine.user.id === user.id),
 	}));
 
-	const roles = users
+	const roles = await Promise.all(
-		.sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
+		users
-		.map((user) => {
+			.sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
-			if (user.provider !== 'oidc') {
+			.map(async (user) => {
-				return 'no-oidc';
+				if (user.provider !== 'oidc') {
-			}
+					return 'no-oidc';
-
-			if (user.provider === 'oidc' && user.providerId) {
-				// For some reason, headscale makes providerID a url where the
-				// last component is the subject, so we need to strip that out
-				const subject = user.providerId.split('/').pop();
-				if (!subject) {
-					return 'invalid-oidc';
 				}
 
-				const role = context.sessions.roleForSubject(subject);
+				if (user.provider === 'oidc' && user.providerId) {
-				return role ?? 'no-role';
+					// For some reason, headscale makes providerID a url where the
-			}
+					// last component is the subject, so we need to strip that out
+					const subject = user.providerId.split('/').pop();
+					if (!subject) {
+						return 'invalid-oidc';
+					}
 
-			// No role means the user is not registered in Headplane, but they
+					const role = await context.sessions.roleForSubject(subject);
-			// are in Headscale. We also need to handle what happens if someone
+					return role ?? 'no-role';
-			// logs into the UI and they don't have a Headscale setup.
+				}
-			return 'no-role';
+
-		});
+				// No role means the user is not registered in Headplane, but they
+				// are in Headscale. We also need to handle what happens if someone
+				// logs into the UI and they don't have a Headscale setup.
+				return 'no-role';
+			}),
+	);
 
 	let magic: string | undefined;
 	if (context.hs.readable()) {
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Page() {
 			<p className="mb-8 text-md">
 				Manage the users in your network and their permissions.
 			</p>
-			<ManageBanner oidc={data.oidc} isDisabled={!data.writable} />
+			<ManageBanner isDisabled={!data.writable} oidc={data.oidc} />
 			<table className="table-auto w-full rounded-lg">
 				<thead className="text-headplane-600 dark:text-headplane-300">
 					<tr className="text-left px-0.5">
@@ -128,8 +127,8 @@ export default function Page() {
 						.map((user) => (
 							<UserRow
 								key={user.id}
-								user={user}
 								role={data.roles[users.indexOf(user)]}
+								user={user}
 							/>
 						))}
 				</tbody>

app/routes/users/user-actions.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import { ActionFunctionArgs, Session, data } from 'react-router';
+import { ActionFunctionArgs, data } from 'react-router';
 import type { LoadContext } from '~/server';
 import { Capabilities, Roles } from '~/server/web/roles';
-import { AuthSession } from '~/server/web/sessions';
 import { User } from '~/types';
 import { data400, data403 } from '~/utils/res';
 
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ export async function userAction({
 		throw data403('You do not have permission to update users');
 	}
 
-	const apiKey = session.get('api_key')!;
+	const apiKey = session.api_key;
 	const formData = await request.formData();
 	const action = formData.get('action_id')?.toString();
 	if (!action) {

app/server/db/pruner.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export async function pruneEphemeralNodes({
 
 	const { nodes } = await context.client.get<{ nodes: Machine[] }>(
 		'v1/node',
-		session.get('api_key')!,
+		session.api_key,
 	);
 
 	const toPrune = nodes.filter((node) => {
@@ -42,10 +42,7 @@ export async function pruneEphemeralNodes({
 	const promises = toPrune.map((node) => {
 		return async () => {
 			log.debug('api', `Pruning node ${node.name}`);
-			await context.client.delete(
+			await context.client.delete(`v1/node/${node.id}`, session.api_key);
-				`v1/node/${node.id}`,
-				session.get('api_key')!,
-			);
 
 			await context.db
 				.delete(ephemeralNodes)

app/server/db/schema.ts

@@ -19,3 +19,13 @@ export const hostInfo = sqliteTable('host_info', {
 
 export type HostInfoRecord = typeof hostInfo.$inferSelect;
 export type HostInfoInsert = typeof hostInfo.$inferInsert;
+
+export const users = sqliteTable('users', {
+	id: text('id').primaryKey(),
+	sub: text('sub').notNull().unique(),
+	caps: integer('caps').notNull().default(0),
+	onboarded: integer('onboarded', { mode: 'boolean' }).notNull().default(false),
+});
+
+export type User = typeof users.$inferSelect;
+export type UserInsert = typeof users.$inferInsert;

app/server/index.ts

@@ -49,15 +49,17 @@ const appLoadContext = {
 	),
 
 	// TODO: Better cookie options in config
-	sessions: await createSessionStorage(
+	sessions: await createSessionStorage({
-		{
+		secret: config.server.cookie_secret,
-			name: '_hp_session',
+		db,
-			maxAge: 60 * 60 * 24, // 24 hours
+		oidcUsersFile: config.oidc?.user_storage_file,
+		cookie: {
+			name: '_hp_auth',
 			secure: config.server.cookie_secure,
-			secrets: [config.server.cookie_secret],
+			maxAge: 60 * 60 * 24, // 24 hours
+			// domain: config.server.cookie_domain,
 		},
-		config.oidc?.user_storage_file,
+	}),
-	),
 
 	client: await createApiClient(
 		config.headscale.url,

app/server/web/sessions.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import { open, readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
+import { open, readFile, rm } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { resolve } from 'node:path';
-import { exit } from 'node:process';
+import { eq } from 'drizzle-orm';
-import {
+import { LibSQLDatabase } from 'drizzle-orm/libsql/driver';
-	CookieSerializeOptions,
+import { EncryptJWT, jwtDecrypt } from 'jose';
-	Session,
+import { createCookie } from 'react-router';
-	SessionStorage,
+import { ulid } from 'ulidx';
-	createCookieSessionStorage,
-} from 'react-router';
 import log from '~/utils/log';
+import { users } from '../db/schema';
 import { Capabilities, Roles } from './roles';
 
 export interface AuthSession {
@@ -22,6 +22,17 @@ export interface AuthSession {
 	};
 }
 
+interface JWTSession {
+	api_key: string;
+	user: {
+		subject: string;
+		name: string;
+		email?: string;
+		username?: string;
+		picture?: string;
+	};
+}
+
 export interface OidcFlowSession {
 	state: 'flow';
 	oidc: {
@@ -32,254 +43,207 @@ export interface OidcFlowSession {
 	};
 }
 
-type JoinedSession = AuthSession | OidcFlowSession;
+interface AuthSessionOptions {
-interface Error {
+	secret: string;
-	error: string;
+	db: LibSQLDatabase;
-}
+	oidcUsersFile?: string;
-
+	cookie: {
-interface CookieOptions {
+		name: string;
-	name: string;
+		secure: boolean;
-	secure: boolean;
+		maxAge: number;
-	maxAge: number;
+		domain?: string;
-	secrets: string[];
+	};
-	domain?: string;
 }
 
 class Sessionizer {
-	private storage: SessionStorage<JoinedSession, Error>;
+	private options: AuthSessionOptions;
-	private caps: Record<string, { c: Capabilities; oo?: boolean }>;
-	private capsPath?: string;
 
-	constructor(
+	constructor(options: AuthSessionOptions) {
-		options: CookieOptions,
+		this.options = options;
-		caps: Record<string, { c: Capabilities; oo?: boolean }>,
-		capsPath?: string,
-	) {
-		this.caps = caps;
-		this.capsPath = capsPath;
-		this.storage = createCookieSessionStorage({
-			cookie: {
-				...options,
-				httpOnly: true,
-				path: __PREFIX__, // Only match on the prefix
-				sameSite: 'lax', // TODO: Strictify with Domain,
-			},
-		});
 	}
 
 	// This throws on the assumption that auth is already checked correctly
 	// on something that wraps the route calling auth. The top-level routes
 	// that call this are wrapped with try/catch to handle the error.
 	async auth(request: Request) {
-		const cookie = request.headers.get('cookie');
+		return decodeSession(request, this.options);
-		const session = await this.storage.getSession(cookie);
-		const type = session.get('state');
-		if (!type) {
-			throw new Error('Session state not found');
-		}
-
-		if (type !== 'auth') {
-			throw new Error('Session is not authenticated');
-		}
-
-		return session as Session<AuthSession, Error>;
 	}
 
-	roleForSubject(subject: string): keyof typeof Roles | undefined {
+	async createSession(
-		const role = this.caps[subject]?.c;
+		payload: JWTSession,
-		if (!role) {
+		maxAge = this.options.cookie.maxAge,
+	) {
+		// TODO: What the hell is this garbage
+		return createSession(payload, {
+			...this.options,
+			cookie: {
+				...this.options.cookie,
+				maxAge,
+			},
+		});
+	}
+
+	async destroySession() {
+		return destroySession(this.options);
+	}
+
+	async roleForSubject(
+		subject: string,
+	): Promise<keyof typeof Roles | undefined> {
+		const [user] = await this.options.db
+			.select()
+			.from(users)
+			.where(eq(users.sub, subject))
+			.limit(1);
+
+		if (!user) {
 			return;
 		}
 
 		// We need this in string form based on Object.keys of the roles
 		for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(Roles)) {
-			if (value === role) {
+			if (value === user.caps) {
 				return key as keyof typeof Roles;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	onboardForSubject(subject: string) {
-		return this.caps[subject]?.oo ?? false;
-	}
-
 	// Given an OR of capabilities, check if the session has the required
 	// capabilities. If not, return false. Can throw since it calls auth()
 	async check(request: Request, capabilities: Capabilities) {
 		const session = await this.auth(request);
-		const { subject } = session.get('user') ?? {};
+
-		if (!subject) {
+		// This is the subject we set on API key based sessions. API keys
+		// inherently imply admin access so we return true for all checks.
+		if (session.user.subject === 'unknown-non-oauth') {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		const [user] = await this.options.db
+			.select()
+			.from(users)
+			.where(eq(users.sub, session.user.subject))
+			.limit(1);
+
+		if (!user) {
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		// This is the subject we set on API key based sessions. API keys
+		return (capabilities & user.caps) === capabilities;
-		// inherently imply admin access so we return true for all checks.
-		if (subject === 'unknown-non-oauth') {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		// If the role does not exist, then this is a new subject that we have
-		// not seen before. Since this is new, we set access to the lowest
-		// level by default which is the member role.
-		//
-		// This also allows us to avoid configuring preventing sign ups with
-		// OIDC, since the default sign up logic gives member which does not
-		// have access to the UI whatsoever.
-		const role = this.caps[subject];
-		if (!role) {
-			const memberRole = await this.registerSubject(subject);
-			return (capabilities & memberRole.c) === capabilities;
-		}
-
-		return (capabilities & role.c) === capabilities;
-	}
-
-	async checkSubject(subject: string, capabilities: Capabilities) {
-		// This is the subject we set on API key based sessions. API keys
-		// inherently imply admin access so we return true for all checks.
-		if (subject === 'unknown-non-oauth') {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		// If the role does not exist, then this is a new subject that we have
-		// not seen before. Since this is new, we set access to the lowest
-		// level by default which is the member role.
-		//
-		// This also allows us to avoid configuring preventing sign ups with
-		// OIDC, since the default sign up logic gives member which does not
-		// have access to the UI whatsoever.
-		const role = this.caps[subject];
-		if (!role) {
-			const memberRole = await this.registerSubject(subject);
-			return (capabilities & memberRole.c) === capabilities;
-		}
-
-		return (capabilities & role.c) === capabilities;
-	}
-
-	// This code is very simple, if the user does not exist in the database
-	// file then we register it with the lowest level of access. If the user
-	// database is empty, the first user to sign in will be given the owner
-	// role.
-	private async registerSubject(subject: string) {
-		if (this.caps[subject]) {
-			return this.caps[subject];
-		}
-
-		if (Object.keys(this.caps).length === 0) {
-			log.debug('auth', 'First user registered as owner: %s', subject);
-			this.caps[subject] = { c: Roles.owner };
-			await this.flushUserDatabase();
-			return this.caps[subject];
-		}
-
-		log.debug('auth', 'New user registered as member: %s', subject);
-		this.caps[subject] = { c: Roles.member };
-		await this.flushUserDatabase();
-		return this.caps[subject];
-	}
-
-	private async flushUserDatabase() {
-		if (!this.capsPath) {
-			return;
-		}
-
-		const data = Object.entries(this.caps).map(([u, { c, oo }]) => ({
-			u,
-			c,
-			oo,
-		}));
-		try {
-			const handle = await open(this.capsPath, 'w');
-			await handle.write(JSON.stringify(data));
-			await handle.close();
-		} catch (error) {
-			log.error('config', 'Error writing user database file: %s', error);
-		}
 	}
 
 	// Updates the capabilities and roles of a subject
 	async reassignSubject(subject: string, role: keyof typeof Roles) {
 		// Check if we are owner
-		if (this.roleForSubject(subject) === 'owner') {
+		const subjectRole = await this.roleForSubject(subject);
+		if (subjectRole === 'owner') {
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		this.caps[subject] = {
+		await this.options.db
-			...this.caps[subject], // Preserve the existing capabilities if any
+			.update(users)
-			c: Roles[role],
+			.set({
-		};
+				caps: Roles[role],
+			})
+			.where(eq(users.sub, subject));
 
-		await this.flushUserDatabase();
 		return true;
 	}
-
-	// Overrides the onboarding status for a subject
-	async overrideOnboarding(subject: string, onboarding: boolean) {
-		this.caps[subject] = {
-			...this.caps[subject], // Preserve the existing capabilities if any
-			oo: onboarding,
-		};
-		await this.flushUserDatabase();
-	}
-
-	getOrCreate<T extends JoinedSession = AuthSession>(request: Request) {
-		return this.storage.getSession(request.headers.get('cookie')) as Promise<
-			Session<T, Error>
-		>;
-	}
-
-	destroy(session: Session) {
-		return this.storage.destroySession(session);
-	}
-
-	commit(session: Session, options?: CookieSerializeOptions) {
-		return this.storage.commitSession(session, options);
-	}
 }
 
-export async function createSessionStorage(
+async function createSession(payload: JWTSession, options: AuthSessionOptions) {
-	options: CookieOptions,
+	const secret = createHash('sha256').update(options.secret, 'utf8').digest();
-	usersPath?: string,
+	const jwt = await new EncryptJWT({
-) {
+		...payload,
-	const map: Record<
+	})
-		string,
+		.setProtectedHeader({ alg: 'dir', enc: 'A256GCM', typ: 'JWT' })
-		{
+		.setIssuedAt()
-			c: number;
+		.setExpirationTime('1d')
-			oo?: boolean;
+		.setIssuer('urn:tale:headplane')
-		}
+		.setAudience('urn:tale:headplane')
-	> = {};
+		.setJti(ulid())
-	if (usersPath) {
+		.encrypt(secret);
-		// We need to load our users from the file (default to empty map)
-		// We then translate each user into a capability object using the helper
-		// method defined in the roles.ts file
-		const data = await loadUserFile(usersPath);
-		log.debug('config', 'Loaded %d users from database', data.length);
 
-		for (const user of data) {
+	const cookie = createCookie(options.cookie.name, {
-			map[user.u] = {
+		...options.cookie,
-				c: user.c,
+		path: __PREFIX__,
-				oo: user.oo,
+	});
-			};
-		}
-	}
 
-	return new Sessionizer(options, map, usersPath);
+	return cookie.serialize(jwt);
 }
 
-async function loadUserFile(path: string) {
+async function decodeSession(request: Request, options: AuthSessionOptions) {
+	const cookieHeader = request.headers.get('cookie');
+	if (cookieHeader === null) {
+		throw new Error('No session cookie found');
+	}
+
+	const cookie = createCookie(options.cookie.name, {
+		...options.cookie,
+		path: __PREFIX__,
+	});
+
+	const cookieValue = (await cookie.parse(cookieHeader)) as string | null;
+	if (cookieValue === null) {
+		throw new Error('Session cookie is empty');
+	}
+
+	const secret = createHash('sha256').update(options.secret, 'utf8').digest();
+	const { payload } = await jwtDecrypt(cookieValue, secret, {
+		issuer: 'urn:tale:headplane',
+		audience: 'urn:tale:headplane',
+	});
+
+	// Safe since we encode the session directly into the JWT
+	return payload as unknown as JWTSession;
+}
+
+async function destroySession(options: AuthSessionOptions) {
+	const cookie = createCookie(options.cookie.name, {
+		...options.cookie,
+		path: __PREFIX__,
+	});
+
+	return cookie.serialize('', {
+		expires: new Date(0),
+	});
+}
+
+export async function createSessionStorage(options: AuthSessionOptions) {
+	if (options.oidcUsersFile) {
+		await migrateUserDatabase(options.oidcUsersFile, options.db);
+	}
+
+	return new Sessionizer(options);
+}
+
+async function migrateUserDatabase(path: string, db: LibSQLDatabase) {
+	log.info('config', 'Migrating old user database from %s', path);
 	const realPath = resolve(path);
 
 	try {
 		const handle = await open(realPath, 'a+');
-		log.info('config', 'Using user database file at %s', realPath);
 		await handle.close();
 	} catch (error) {
-		log.info('config', 'User database file not accessible at %s', realPath);
+		log.warn('config', 'Failed to migrate old user database at %s', realPath);
+		log.warn(
+			'config',
+			'This is not an error, but existing users will not be migrated',
+		);
+		log.warn('config', 'Unable to open user database file: %s', error);
 		log.debug('config', 'Error details: %s', error);
-		exit(1);
+		return;
 	}
 
+	log.info('config', 'Found old user database file at %s', realPath);
+	log.info('config', 'Migrating user database to the new SQL database');
+
+	let migratableUsers: {
+		u: string;
+		c: number;
+		oo?: boolean;
+	}[];
+
 	try {
 		const data = await readFile(realPath, 'utf8');
 		const users = JSON.parse(data.trim()) as {
@@ -288,8 +252,7 @@ async function loadUserFile(path: string) {
 			oo?: boolean;
 		}[];
 
-		// Never trust user input
+		migratableUsers = users.filter(
-		return users.filter(
 			(user) => user.u !== undefined && user.c !== undefined,
 		) as {
 			u: string;
@@ -297,8 +260,38 @@ async function loadUserFile(path: string) {
 			oo?: boolean;
 		}[];
 	} catch (error) {
-		log.debug('config', 'Error reading user database file: %s', error);
+		log.warn('config', 'Error reading old user database file: %s', error);
-		log.debug('config', 'Using empty user database');
+		log.warn('config', 'Not migrating any users');
-		return [];
+		return;
 	}
+
+	if (migratableUsers.length === 0) {
+		log.info('config', 'No users found in the old database to migrate');
+		return;
+	}
+
+	log.info(
+		'config',
+		'Migrating %d users from the old database',
+		migratableUsers.length,
+	);
+
+	const updated = await db
+		.insert(users)
+		.values(
+			migratableUsers.map((user) => ({
+				id: ulid(),
+				sub: user.u,
+				caps: user.c,
+				onboarded: user.oo ?? false,
+			})),
+		)
+		.onConflictDoNothing({
+			target: users.sub,
+		})
+		.returning();
+
+	log.info('config', 'Migrated %d users successfully', updated.length);
+	log.info('config', 'Removed old user database file %s', realPath);
+	await rm(realPath, { force: true });
 }

drizzle/0002_square_bloodstorm.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+CREATE TABLE `users` (
+	`id` text PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+	`sub` text NOT NULL,
+	`caps` integer DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+	`onboarded` integer DEFAULT false NOT NULL
+);
+--> statement-breakpoint
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `users_sub_unique` ON `users` (`sub`);

drizzle/meta/0002_snapshot.json

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+{
+	"version": "6",
+	"dialect": "sqlite",
+	"id": "2c18fbcb-d5f5-47c0-962d-54121cbb2e71",
+	"prevId": "16f780a3-a6e7-4810-94bb-fad5c6446ab4",
+	"tables": {
+		"ephemeral_nodes": {
+			"name": "ephemeral_nodes",
+			"columns": {
+				"auth_key": {
+					"name": "auth_key",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": true,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				},
+				"node_key": {
+					"name": "node_key",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": false,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				}
+			},
+			"indexes": {},
+			"foreignKeys": {},
+			"compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+			"uniqueConstraints": {},
+			"checkConstraints": {}
+		},
+		"host_info": {
+			"name": "host_info",
+			"columns": {
+				"host_id": {
+					"name": "host_id",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": true,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				},
+				"payload": {
+					"name": "payload",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": false,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				},
+				"updated_at": {
+					"name": "updated_at",
+					"type": "integer",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": false,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				}
+			},
+			"indexes": {},
+			"foreignKeys": {},
+			"compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+			"uniqueConstraints": {},
+			"checkConstraints": {}
+		},
+		"users": {
+			"name": "users",
+			"columns": {
+				"id": {
+					"name": "id",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": true,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				},
+				"sub": {
+					"name": "sub",
+					"type": "text",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false
+				},
+				"caps": {
+					"name": "caps",
+					"type": "integer",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false,
+					"default": 0
+				},
+				"onboarded": {
+					"name": "onboarded",
+					"type": "integer",
+					"primaryKey": false,
+					"notNull": true,
+					"autoincrement": false,
+					"default": false
+				}
+			},
+			"indexes": {
+				"users_sub_unique": {
+					"name": "users_sub_unique",
+					"columns": ["sub"],
+					"isUnique": true
+				}
+			},
+			"foreignKeys": {},
+			"compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+			"uniqueConstraints": {},
+			"checkConstraints": {}
+		}
+	},
+	"views": {},
+	"enums": {},
+	"_meta": {
+		"schemas": {},
+		"tables": {},
+		"columns": {}
+	},
+	"internal": {
+		"indexes": {}
+	}
+}

drizzle/meta/_journal.json

@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@
 			"when": 1755554742267,
 			"tag": "0001_naive_lilith",
 			"breakpoints": true
+		},
+		{
+			"idx": 2,
+			"version": "6",
+			"when": 1755617607599,
+			"tag": "0002_square_bloodstorm",
+			"breakpoints": true
 		}
 	]
 }

package.json

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 		"dotenv": "^16.5.0",
 		"drizzle-orm": "^0.44.2",
 		"isbot": "^5.1.28",
+		"jose": "6.0.12",
 		"lucide-react": "^0.511.0",
 		"mime": "^4.0.7",
 		"openid-client": "^6.5.0",
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
 		"react-stately": "^3.38.0",
 		"remix-utils": "^8.8.0",
 		"tailwind-merge": "^3.3.0",
+		"ulidx": "2.4.1",
 		"undici": "^7.10.0",
 		"usehooks-ts": "^3.1.1",
 		"yaml": "^2.8.0"
@@ -92,8 +94,14 @@
 	},
 	"pnpm": {
 		"supportedArchitectures": {
-			"os": ["current", "linux"],
+			"os": [
-			"cpu": ["x64", "arm64"]
+				"current",
+				"linux"
+			],
+			"cpu": [
+				"x64",
+				"arm64"
+			]
 		},
 		"onlyBuiltDependencies": [
 			"@biomejs/biome",

pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ importers:
       isbot:
         specifier: ^5.1.28
         version: 5.1.28
+      jose:
+        specifier: 6.0.12
+        version: 6.0.12
       lucide-react:
         specifier: ^0.511.0
         version: 0.511.0(react@19.1.1)
@@ -142,6 +145,9 @@ importers:
       tailwind-merge:
         specifier: ^3.3.0
         version: 3.3.0
+      ulidx:
+        specifier: 2.4.1
+        version: 2.4.1
       undici:
         specifier: ^7.10.0
         version: 7.10.0
@@ -3081,8 +3087,8 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-twQoecYPiVA5K/h6SxtORw/Bs3ar+mLUtoPSc7iMXzQzK8d7eJ/R09wmTwAjiamETn1cXYPGfNnu7DMoHgu12w==}
     hasBin: true
 
-  jose@6.0.11:
+  jose@6.0.12:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-QxG7EaliDARm1O1S8BGakqncGT9s25bKL1WSf6/oa17Tkqwi8D2ZNglqCF+DsYF88/rV66Q/Q2mFAy697E1DUg==}
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-T8xypXs8CpmiIi78k0E+Lk7T2zlK4zDyg+o1CZ4AkOHgDg98ogdP2BeZ61lTFKFyoEwJ9RgAgN+SdM3iPgNonQ==}
 
   js-base64@3.7.7:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-7rCnleh0z2CkXhH67J8K1Ytz0b2Y+yxTPL+/KOJoa20hfnVQ/3/T6W/KflYI4bRHRagNeXeU2bkNGI3v1oS/lw==}
@@ -3127,6 +3133,9 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-o+NO+8WrRiQEE4/7nwRJhN1HWpVmJm511pBHUxPLtp0BUISzlBplORYSmTclCnJvQq2tKu/sgl3xVpkc7ZWuQQ==}
     engines: {node: '>=6'}
 
+  layerr@3.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-tv754Ki2dXpPVApOrjTyRo4/QegVb9eVFq4mjqp4+NM5NaX7syQvN5BBNfV/ZpAHCEHV24XdUVrBAoka4jt3pA==}
+
   lefthook-darwin-arm64@1.11.13:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-gHwHofXupCtzNLN+8esdWfFTnAEkmBxE/WKA0EwxPPJXdZYa1GUsiG5ipq/CdG/0j8ekYyM9Hzyrrk5BqJ42xw==}
     cpu: [arm64]
@@ -4003,6 +4012,10 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=14.17'}
     hasBin: true
 
+  ulidx@2.4.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-xY7c8LPyzvhvew0Fn+Ek3wBC9STZAuDI/Y5andCKi9AX6/jvfaX45PhsDX8oxgPL0YFp0Jhr8qWMbS/p9375Xg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=16'}
+
   undici-types@6.21.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-iwDZqg0QAGrg9Rav5H4n0M64c3mkR59cJ6wQp+7C4nI0gsmExaedaYLNO44eT4AtBBwjbTiGPMlt2Md0T9H9JQ==}
 
@@ -7415,7 +7428,7 @@ snapshots:
 
   jiti@2.5.1: {}
 
-  jose@6.0.11: {}
+  jose@6.0.12: {}
 
   js-base64@3.7.7: {}
 
@@ -7445,6 +7458,8 @@ snapshots:
 
   kleur@4.1.5: {}
 
+  layerr@3.0.0: {}
+
   lefthook-darwin-arm64@1.11.13:
     optional: true
 
@@ -7710,7 +7725,7 @@ snapshots:
 
   openid-client@6.5.0:
     dependencies:
-      jose: 6.0.11
+      jose: 6.0.12
       oauth4webapi: 3.5.1
 
   package-json-from-dist@1.0.1: {}
@@ -8346,6 +8361,10 @@ snapshots:
 
   typescript@5.9.2: {}
 
+  ulidx@2.4.1:
+    dependencies:
+      layerr: 3.0.0
+
   undici-types@6.21.0: {}
 
   undici-types@7.10.0: {}