From 9b1fd8af2c1dd013aa793fac21b8d622f8f1157d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ryan Malloy Date: Sat, 2 May 2026 19:10:24 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] Phase 1: pure-Python SQLI login works end-to-end MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit This commit takes informix-db from documentation-only (Phase 0 spike) to a functional connect() / close() against a real Informix server. To our knowledge, this is the first pure-socket Informix client in any language — no CSDK, no JVM, no native libraries. Layered architecture per the plan, mirroring PyMySQL's shape: src/informix_db/ __init__.py — PEP 249 surface (connect, exceptions, paramstyle="numeric") exceptions.py — full PEP 249 hierarchy declared up front _socket.py — raw socket I/O (read_exact, write_all, timeouts) _protocol.py — IfxStreamReader / IfxStreamWriter framing primitives (big-endian, 16-bit-aligned variable payloads, length-prefixed nul-terminated strings) _messages.py — SQ_* tags from IfxMessageTypes + ASF/login markers _auth.py — pluggable auth handlers; plain-password is the only Phase-1 implementation connections.py — Connection class: builds the binary login PDU (SLheader + PFheader byte-for-byte per PROTOCOL_NOTES.md §3), sends it, parses the server response, wires up close() Phase 1 design decisions locked in DECISION_LOG.md: - paramstyle = "numeric" (matches Informix ESQL/C convention) - Python >= 3.10 - autocommit defaults to off (PEP 249 implicit) - License: MIT - Distribution name: informix-db (verified PyPI-available) Test coverage: 34 unit tests (codec round-trips against synthetic byte streams; observed login-PDU values from the spike captures asserted as exact byte literals) + 6 integration tests (connect, idempotent close, context manager, bad-password → OperationalError, bad-host → OperationalError, cursor() raises NotImplementedError). pytest — runs 34 unit tests, no Docker needed pytest -m integration — runs 6 integration tests against the Developer Edition container (pinned by digest in tests/docker-compose.yml) pytest -m "" — runs everything ruff is clean across src/ and tests/. One bug found during smoke testing: threading.get_ident() can exceed signed 32-bit on some processes, overflowing struct.pack("!i"). Fixed the same way the JDBC reference does — clamp to signed 32-bit, fall back to 0 if out of range. The field is diagnostic only. One protocol-level observation that AMENDED the JDBC source reading: the "capability section" in the login PDU is three independently negotiated 4-byte ints (Cap_1=1, Cap_2=0x3c000000, Cap_3=0), not one int + 8 reserved zero bytes as my CFR decompile read suggested. The server echoes them back identically. Trust the wire over the decompiler. Phase 1 verification matrix (from PROTOCOL_NOTES.md §12): - Login byte layout: confirmed (server accepts our pure-Python PDU) - Disconnection: confirmed (SQ_EXIT round-trip works) - Framing primitives: confirmed (34 unit tests) - Error path: bad password → OperationalError, bad host → OperationalError Phase 2 (Cursor / SELECT / basic types) is the next phase. The hard unknowns there — exact column-descriptor layout, statement-time error format — were called out as bounded gaps in Phase 0 and have existing captures (02-select-1.socat.log, 02-dml-cycle.socat.log) to characterize against. --- LICENSE | 21 ++ README.md | 42 ++-- pyproject.toml | 98 +++++++++ src/informix_db/__init__.py | 104 +++++++++ src/informix_db/_auth.py | 58 +++++ src/informix_db/_messages.py | 184 ++++++++++++++++ src/informix_db/_protocol.py | 224 ++++++++++++++++++++ src/informix_db/_socket.py | 112 ++++++++++ src/informix_db/connections.py | 375 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ src/informix_db/exceptions.py | 67 ++++++ tests/__init__.py | 0 tests/conftest.py | 83 ++++++++ tests/docker-compose.yml | 23 ++ tests/test_protocol.py | 163 ++++++++++++++ tests/test_smoke.py | 86 ++++++++ uv.lock | 184 ++++++++++++++++ 16 files changed, 1812 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) create mode 100644 LICENSE create mode 100644 pyproject.toml create mode 100644 src/informix_db/__init__.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/_auth.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/_messages.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/_protocol.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/_socket.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/connections.py create mode 100644 src/informix_db/exceptions.py create mode 100644 tests/__init__.py create mode 100644 tests/conftest.py create mode 100644 tests/docker-compose.yml create mode 100644 tests/test_protocol.py create mode 100644 tests/test_smoke.py create mode 100644 uv.lock diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3edc958 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +MIT License + +Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan Malloy + +Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy +of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal +in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights +to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell +copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is +furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all +copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE +SOFTWARE. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 714d7ad..01d013a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -4,22 +4,40 @@ Pure-Python driver for IBM Informix IDS, speaking the SQLI wire protocol over ra ## Status -🚧 **Phase 0 — Spike.** Characterizing the SQLI wire protocol. No library code yet. +🟢 **Phase 1 complete.** `connect()` / `close()` work end-to-end against a real Informix server. Cursor / execute / fetch land in Phase 2. -The protocol has never been published byte-for-byte by IBM. Every existing Informix driver in every language wraps either IBM's CSDK or the JDBC JAR. This project closes that gap. +To our knowledge this is the **first pure-socket Informix driver in any language** — every other Informix driver (`IfxPy`, the legacy `informixdb`, ODBC bridges, Perl `DBD::Informix`) wraps either IBM's CSDK or the JDBC JAR. -## Phase 0 deliverables +## Quick start -- [`docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`](docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md) — byte-level wire-format reference, derived from packet captures + JDBC decompilation +```python +import informix_db + +with informix_db.connect( + host="127.0.0.1", port=9088, + user="informix", password="in4mix", + database="sysmaster", server="informix", +) as conn: + # cursor() / execute() / fetchone() arrive in Phase 2 + pass +``` + +## Test against the official Informix dev container + +```bash +docker compose -f tests/docker-compose.yml up -d # IBM Developer Edition, pinned by digest +uv sync --extra dev +uv run pytest # 34 unit tests (no Docker needed) +uv run pytest -m integration # 6 integration tests (needs the container) +``` + +## Phase 0 artifacts (still useful — they ARE the public reference) + +- [`docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`](docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md) — byte-level wire-format reference, derived from packet captures + JDBC decompilation, validated against a real server - [`docs/JDBC_NOTES.md`](docs/JDBC_NOTES.md) — index into the decompiled IBM JDBC driver's wire-protocol classes -- [`docs/DECISION_LOG.md`](docs/DECISION_LOG.md) — running rationale for protocol/auth/type decisions -- `docs/CAPTURES/*.pcap` — annotated packet captures of reference exchanges - -If Phase 0's exit criteria are met, library implementation begins in Phase 1. - -## Test target - -`icr.io/informix/informix-developer-database` (port 9088, native SQLI). See [`tests/docker-compose.yml`](tests/docker-compose.yml) once Phase 1 lands. +- [`docs/DECISION_LOG.md`](docs/DECISION_LOG.md) — running rationale for protocol / auth / type decisions +- [`docs/CAPTURES/`](docs/CAPTURES) — socat hex-dump captures of three reference scenarios (connect, SELECT, full DML cycle) +- [`tests/reference/RefClient.java`](tests/reference/RefClient.java) — re-runnable JDBC ground-truth client for capturing fresh traces ## License diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..79be5f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/pyproject.toml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +[project] +name = "informix-db" +version = "2026.05.02" +description = "Pure-Python driver for IBM Informix IDS — speaks the SQLI wire protocol over raw sockets. No CSDK, no JVM, no native libraries." +readme = "README.md" +license = { text = "MIT" } +authors = [{ name = "Ryan Malloy", email = "ryan@supported.systems" }] +requires-python = ">=3.10" +keywords = ["informix", "database", "sqli", "db-api", "pep-249"] +classifiers = [ + "Development Status :: 2 - Pre-Alpha", + "Intended Audience :: Developers", + "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License", + "Operating System :: OS Independent", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14", + "Topic :: Database", + "Topic :: Database :: Front-Ends", + "Typing :: Typed", +] +dependencies = [] + +[project.urls] +Homepage = "https://github.com/rsp2k/informix-db" +Documentation = "https://github.com/rsp2k/informix-db/tree/main/docs" +Issues = "https://github.com/rsp2k/informix-db/issues" + +[project.optional-dependencies] +dev = [ + "pytest>=8.0", + "ruff>=0.6", +] + +[build-system] +requires = ["hatchling"] +build-backend = "hatchling.build" + +[tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel] +packages = ["src/informix_db"] + +[tool.hatch.build.targets.sdist] +# Defense in depth: exclude operator-private and dev-only artifacts from the sdist +# (the wheel doesn't ship these by default, but the sdist would). +# See ~/.claude/rules/python.md for the full pre-publish PII audit playbook. +exclude = [ + "CLAUDE.md", # operator-private context + ".env", ".env.local", ".env.*", + ".mcp.json", # may contain local filesystem paths + "build/", # decompiled JDBC, downloaded JARs + "audits/", + "docs/CAPTURES/", # spike artifacts; tests can re-capture against the dev container + "tests/reference/", # Java reference client — spike infra + ".pytest_cache/", ".ruff_cache/", ".mypy_cache/", + "dist/", "*.egg-info/", +] + +[tool.ruff] +line-length = 100 +target-version = "py310" +src = ["src", "tests"] + +[tool.ruff.lint] +select = [ + "E", # pycodestyle errors + "W", # pycodestyle warnings + "F", # pyflakes + "I", # isort (import sorting) + "B", # flake8-bugbear + "C4", # flake8-comprehensions + "UP", # pyupgrade + "SIM", # flake8-simplify + "PTH", # flake8-use-pathlib + "RUF", # ruff-specific +] +ignore = [ + "E501", # line too long — handled by formatter +] + +[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores] +"tests/**" = ["B011"] # allow assert False in tests + +[tool.pytest.ini_options] +minversion = "8.0" +testpaths = ["tests"] +addopts = [ + "-ra", # short summary for non-passing + "--strict-markers", + "--strict-config", + "-m", "not integration", # default: unit-only. Override with: pytest -m integration +] +markers = [ + "integration: requires a running Informix container (docker compose up); skipped by default", +] diff --git a/src/informix_db/__init__.py b/src/informix_db/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..56cc553 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +"""informix-db — pure-Python driver for IBM Informix IDS over the SQLI wire protocol. + +PEP 249 (DB-API 2.0) module surface. Phase 1 implements the connection +lifecycle (open + login + close) only; cursor/execute/fetch land in Phase 2. + +Quick start:: + + import informix_db + + conn = informix_db.connect( + host="127.0.0.1", port=9088, + user="informix", password="in4mix", + database="sysmaster", server="informix", + ) + conn.close() + +For the full design, see ``docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`` and +``docs/DECISION_LOG.md``. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from importlib.metadata import PackageNotFoundError, version + +from .connections import Connection +from .exceptions import ( + DatabaseError, + DataError, + Error, + IntegrityError, + InterfaceError, + InternalError, + NotSupportedError, + OperationalError, + ProgrammingError, + Warning, +) + +# PEP 249 module-level globals +apilevel = "2.0" +threadsafety = 1 # threads may share the module but not connections +paramstyle = "numeric" # locked in DECISION_LOG.md — matches Informix ESQL/C + +try: + __version__ = version("informix-db") +except PackageNotFoundError: + # Editable install or running uninstalled; fall back to a sentinel. + __version__ = "0.0.0+local" + +__all__ = [ + "Connection", + "DataError", + "DatabaseError", + "Error", + "IntegrityError", + "InterfaceError", + "InternalError", + "NotSupportedError", + "OperationalError", + "ProgrammingError", + "Warning", + "__version__", + "apilevel", + "connect", + "paramstyle", + "threadsafety", +] + + +def connect( + host: str, + port: int = 9088, + *, + user: str, + password: str | None, + database: str | None = None, + server: str = "informix", + connect_timeout: float | None = None, + read_timeout: float | None = None, + keepalive: bool = False, + client_locale: str = "en_US.8859-1", + env: dict[str, str] | None = None, + autocommit: bool = False, +) -> Connection: + """Open a connection to an Informix server. + + The ``server`` argument is the Informix DBSERVERNAME the listener + identifies itself as (default ``"informix"`` matches the IBM + Developer Edition Docker image). It's distinct from ``host`` (which + is the network address) and from ``database`` (which is the + database name to open after login). + + ``database`` may be ``None`` to log in without selecting a database; + the server still requires a successful login for this to work. + """ + return Connection( + host=host, port=port, + user=user, password=password, + database=database, server=server, + connect_timeout=connect_timeout, read_timeout=read_timeout, + keepalive=keepalive, + client_locale=client_locale, env=env, + autocommit=autocommit, + ) diff --git a/src/informix_db/_auth.py b/src/informix_db/_auth.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7c344b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/_auth.py @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +"""Authentication handlers for the SQLI binary login PDU. + +Auth in modern Informix has several mechanisms (plain password, password +obfuscation, PAM challenge/response, GSSAPI/Kerberos, trusted context). +For Phase 1 we ship the simplest one — plain password — and expose a +pluggable shape so later phases add new methods without touching +``connections.py``. + +Each handler contributes the username/password section to the login PDU. +The rest of the PDU (markers, capabilities, env vars, process info) is +assembled by ``connections.py`` and is auth-method-independent. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections.abc import Callable + +from ._protocol import IfxStreamWriter + +# Type alias: an auth handler appends its credentials section to the writer. +AuthHandler = Callable[[IfxStreamWriter, str, str | None], None] + + +def write_plain_password( + writer: IfxStreamWriter, + username: str, + password: str | None, +) -> None: + """Write the username + password section of the login PDU. + + Layout (matches ``Connection.encodeAscBinary`` lines that emit + username and password): + + ``[short username.len+1][bytes username][nul]`` + then either ``[short 0]`` (no password) or + ``[short password.len+1][bytes password][nul]``. + + Plain password is sent inline; the server compares it directly to its + user database. There is no salt, no hash, no challenge round-trip. + Use TLS (Phase 6+) if the network is untrusted. + """ + writer.write_string_with_nul(username) + if password is None: + writer.write_short(0) + else: + writer.write_string_with_nul(password) + + +# Dispatch table — Phase 6+ adds: "obfuscate" (SHA-256+nonstd-base64), +# "pam" (challenge/response), "gssapi" (Kerberos). +HANDLERS: dict[str, AuthHandler] = { + "plain": write_plain_password, +} + + +def get_handler(method: str) -> AuthHandler: + """Look up an auth handler by name. Raises KeyError if unknown.""" + return HANDLERS[method] diff --git a/src/informix_db/_messages.py b/src/informix_db/_messages.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b6001d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/_messages.py @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ +"""SQLI wire-protocol message-type constants. + +Two distinct namespaces live here: + +* ``SQ_*`` — the post-login SQLI message-type tags from + ``com.informix.jdbc.IfxMessageTypes``. Each one is a 16-bit big-endian + short on the wire. See ``docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`` §5 for categorization + by purpose. +* ``ASF_*``, ``SL_*``, ``PF_*`` — the connection-establishment markers + used inside the binary login PDU body, defined locally in + ``com.informix.asf.Connection`` (NOT in ``IfxMessageTypes``). These + also appear on the wire as 16-bit shorts but they're a separate + namespace whose values may overlap numerically with ``SQ_*`` constants. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from enum import IntEnum + + +class MessageType(IntEnum): + """SQLI post-login message-type tags. Wire format: 2 bytes, big-endian.""" + + # --- Statement execution --- + SQ_COMMAND = 1 + SQ_PREPARE = 2 + SQ_CURNAME = 3 + SQ_ID = 4 + SQ_BIND = 5 + SQ_OPEN = 6 + SQ_EXECUTE = 7 + SQ_DESCRIBE = 8 + SQ_NFETCH = 9 + SQ_CLOSE = 10 + SQ_RELEASE = 11 + + # --- Per-PDU framing --- + SQ_EOT = 12 # end-of-transmission / flush marker; ends every PDU + SQ_ERR = 13 # error response from the server + SQ_TUPLE = 14 # one row of result data + SQ_DONE = 15 # statement / result-set completion + + # --- Transactions --- + SQ_CMMTWORK = 19 + SQ_RBWORK = 20 + SQ_SVPOINT = 21 + SQ_BEGIN = 35 + SQ_DBOPEN = 36 + SQ_DBCLOSE = 37 + SQ_DBLIST = 26 + + # --- Connection lifecycle (post-login) --- + SQ_VERSION = 53 + SQ_EXIT = 56 # client-initiated session terminate (also returned as ack) + SQ_INFO = 81 # info request, with sub-codes (see ``InfoSubtype`` below) + SQ_CONNECT = 112 + SQ_SETCONN = 113 + SQ_DISCONNECT = 114 + SQ_PROTOCOLS = 126 + + # --- Auth (server-initiated challenge/response, e.g. PAM) --- + SQ_ACCEPT = 127 + SQ_ACK = 128 + SQ_CHALLENGE = 129 + SQ_RESPONSE = 130 + + # --- Savepoints (newer) --- + SQ_SQLISETSVPT = 137 + SQ_SQLIRELSVPT = 138 + SQ_SQLIRBACKSVPT = 139 + + # --- XA (distributed transactions) — Phase 6+ --- + SQ_XROLLBACK = 65 + SQ_XCLOSE = 66 + SQ_XCOMMIT = 67 + SQ_XEND = 68 + SQ_XFORGET = 69 + SQ_XPREPARE = 70 + SQ_XRECOVER = 71 + SQ_XSTART = 72 + SQ_XERR = 73 + SQ_XASTATE = 74 + SQ_XOPEN = 82 + + # --- BLOB / LOB — Phase 6+ --- + SQ_FETCHBLOB = 38 + SQ_BLOB = 39 + SQ_BBIND = 41 + SQ_SBBIND = 52 + SQ_FILE_READ = 106 + SQ_FILE_WRITE = 107 + + # --- RPC sub-protocol (range 200-205) — Phase 6+ --- + SQ_INVOKE = 200 + SQ_REPLY = 201 + SQ_EXCEPTION = 202 + SQ_VERSION_REQ = 203 + SQ_VERSION_REPLY = 204 + SQ_AMFPARAM = 205 + + +class InfoSubtype(IntEnum): + """Sub-codes for the ``SQ_INFO`` message body.""" + + INFO_DONE = 0 + INFO_REQUEST = 1 + INFO_VERSION = 2 + INFO_TYPE = 3 + INFO_CAPABILITY = 4 + INFO_DB = 5 + INFO_ENV = 6 + + +class LoginMarker(IntEnum): + """Login-PDU section markers from ``com.informix.asf.Connection``. + + These appear inside the binary login PDU as 16-bit shorts and tag + the structural sub-blocks (association header, capability section, + env vars, process info, etc.). Numerically distinct from ``MessageType``; + do not mix the two. + + See ``docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`` §3 for the full byte-by-byte layout. + """ + + SQ_ASSOC = 100 # start of "association" record + SQ_ASCBINARY = 101 # binary-format indicator + SQ_ASCINITRESP = 102 # init response (error block follows in some paths) + SQ_ASCDBLIST = 103 + SQ_ASCINITREQ = 104 # init request marker (paired with ASF_XCONNECT=11) + SQ_ASCENV = 106 # environment-vars sub-block + SQ_ASCPINFO = 107 # process-info sub-block + SQ_ASCBPARMS = 108 # binary parameters block + SQ_ASSOCBIND = 110 + SQ_ASSOCRESP = 111 + SQ_ASCMISC_60 = 116 # misc / AppName section + SQ_ASCEOT = 127 # end-of-PDU marker for the login + + +class SLHeader(IntEnum): + """SL header constants for the 6-byte login envelope.""" + + # slType byte (offset 2 of SLheader) + SLTYPE_CONREQ = 1 # client → server: connection request + SLTYPE_CONACC = 2 # server → client: connection accepted + SLTYPE_CONREJ = 3 # server → client: connection rejected + SLTYPE_REDIRECT = 13 # server → client: redirect to another node + + # slAttribute byte (offset 3 of SLheader): protocol version + PF_PROT_SQLI_0600 = 60 # SQLI protocol family 6.00 (current) + PF_PROT_SQLI_WITH_CSS = 61 # variant with column-storage support + + +class StmtOptions(IntEnum): + """Bit flags packed into the login-PDU stmtoptions int.""" + + ASF_AMBIG_SEOL = 3 # bits 0+1 (always set) + ASF_GRPREF = 0x02000000 # bit 25 — sqlhosts group reference + ASF_TRUSTCTXT = 0x04000000 # bit 26 — trusted context + + +# Hardcoded constant strings emitted in the binary login PDU. +# These are NOT free parameters — they identify our wire client to the server +# and must match what IBM's JDBC driver sends, byte-for-byte. + +APPL_TYPE = b"sqlexec\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" # 12 bytes, fixed-width nul-padded +APPL_ID = b"sqli" # 4 bytes (length-prefix says 5 because of trailing nul) +PROT_SQLIOL = b"ol\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" # 8 bytes; SQLI/OL protocol identifier +NET_TLITCP = b"tlitcp\x00\x00" # 8 bytes; "TLI over TCP" network type +FLOAT_TYPE = b"IEEEM" # 5 bytes; declares we want IEEE 754 float encoding +CLIENT_VERSION = b"9.280" # 5 bytes; hardcoded by JDBC, NOT a real version +CLIENT_SERIAL = b"RDS#R000000" # 11 bytes; hardcoded marketing/license artifact + +# Buffer / size constants from com.informix.asf.Connection +MAX_BUFF_SIZE = 32768 +MIN_BUFF_SIZE = 140 +STREAM_BUF_SIZE = 4096 +PFCONREQ_BUF_SIZE = 2048 +SL_HEADER_SIZE = 6 + +# UTYPE_INTERNET — declares we're connecting over IP (vs. shared-memory etc.) +UTYPE_INTERNET = 1 + +# ASF_XCONNECT — paired with SQ_ASCINITREQ in the login PDU init-request marker +ASF_XCONNECT = 11 diff --git a/src/informix_db/_protocol.py b/src/informix_db/_protocol.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba04f6b --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/_protocol.py @@ -0,0 +1,224 @@ +"""SQLI wire-protocol framing primitives. + +Mirrors ``com.informix.asf.IfxDataInputStream`` and ``IfxDataOutputStream`` +from the IBM JDBC reference. Same endianness (big-endian / network byte +order), same length-prefix conventions, same 16-bit alignment requirement +for variable-length payloads. + +The byte layout produced by ``IfxStreamWriter`` MUST match the captured +JDBC reference PDU byte-for-byte for the framing primitives, modulo +caller-supplied content (username, hostname, cwd). Tests in +``tests/test_protocol.py`` assert this against ``docs/CAPTURES/``. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import struct +from io import BytesIO +from typing import BinaryIO + +# Struct format strings — '!' forces big-endian (network byte order). +_FMT_SHORT = struct.Struct("!h") # signed 16-bit +_FMT_INT = struct.Struct("!i") # signed 32-bit +_FMT_LONG = struct.Struct("!q") # signed 64-bit +_FMT_FLOAT = struct.Struct("!f") # IEEE 754 single +_FMT_DOUBLE = struct.Struct("!d") # IEEE 754 double + + +class ProtocolError(Exception): + """Raised when wire bytes can't be parsed (truncated stream, bad framing).""" + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Writer +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class IfxStreamWriter: + """Buffered byte writer for assembling SQLI PDUs. + + Wraps a ``BinaryIO`` (typically a ``BytesIO`` for PDU assembly, then + flushed to the socket as one ``send()`` call). Mirrors the + ``IfxDataOutputStream`` API names so cross-references against the + decompiled JDBC source stay obvious. + """ + + def __init__(self, sink: BinaryIO): + self._sink = sink + + # -- raw bytes --------------------------------------------------------- + + def write_byte(self, value: int) -> None: + """Write a single byte. ``value`` must fit in 0..255.""" + self._sink.write(bytes((value & 0xFF,))) + + def write_bytes(self, data: bytes) -> None: + """Write ``data`` verbatim, no length prefix, no padding.""" + self._sink.write(data) + + def write_padded(self, data: bytes) -> None: + """Write ``data`` then a 0x00 pad byte if its length is odd. + + Mirrors ``IfxDataOutputStream.writePadded(byte[])``. The 16-bit + alignment requirement is mandatory for variable-length payloads + (string/decimal/datetime/interval/BLOB) — missing it desyncs the + next short read on the receiving side. + """ + self._sink.write(data) + if len(data) & 1: + self._sink.write(b"\x00") + + # -- fixed-width integers --------------------------------------------- + + def write_short(self, value: int) -> None: + """Write a 2-byte big-endian signed short.""" + self._sink.write(_FMT_SHORT.pack(value)) + + def write_int(self, value: int) -> None: + """Write a 4-byte big-endian signed int.""" + self._sink.write(_FMT_INT.pack(value)) + + def write_long_bigint(self, value: int) -> None: + """Write an 8-byte big-endian signed long (BIGINT type wire format).""" + self._sink.write(_FMT_LONG.pack(value)) + + def write_real(self, value: float) -> None: + """Write a 4-byte IEEE 754 single (Informix REAL / SMALLFLOAT).""" + self._sink.write(_FMT_FLOAT.pack(value)) + + def write_double(self, value: float) -> None: + """Write an 8-byte IEEE 754 double (Informix FLOAT / DOUBLE PRECISION).""" + self._sink.write(_FMT_DOUBLE.pack(value)) + + # -- length-prefixed strings ------------------------------------------ + + def write_length_prefixed(self, payload: bytes) -> None: + """Write ``[short len(payload)][payload]`` with no padding. + + Mirrors a raw ``writeShort + writeBytes`` pair. The length is the + byte count of ``payload`` exactly. + """ + self.write_short(len(payload)) + self._sink.write(payload) + + def write_string_with_nul(self, text: str, encoding: str = "iso-8859-1") -> None: + """Write ``[short len+1][bytes][nul]`` for a string + nul terminator. + + This is the format used throughout the login PDU for free-text + fields (username, password, dbname, env-var names/values, etc). + The length-prefix declares "content + 1" because the trailing nul + terminator counts toward the on-wire byte count. + + Default encoding is Latin-1 to match Informix's default GLS + (``CLIENT_LOCALE=en_US.8859-1``). Phase 6+ adds UTF-8 / GLS + multibyte support via ``writeBytesConstant`` style routines. + """ + encoded = text.encode(encoding) + self.write_short(len(encoded) + 1) + self._sink.write(encoded) + self._sink.write(b"\x00") + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Reader +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class IfxStreamReader: + """Streaming byte reader for parsing SQLI PDU responses. + + Wraps a ``BinaryIO`` (typically a ``BufferedReader`` over the socket). + Mirrors the ``IfxDataInputStream`` API names. All reads are exact — + a partial read raises ``ProtocolError``. + """ + + def __init__(self, source: BinaryIO): + self._source = source + + # -- raw bytes --------------------------------------------------------- + + def read_exact(self, n: int) -> bytes: + """Read exactly ``n`` bytes or raise ``ProtocolError`` on EOF.""" + chunks: list[bytes] = [] + remaining = n + while remaining > 0: + chunk = self._source.read(remaining) + if not chunk: + raise ProtocolError( + f"unexpected EOF: wanted {n} bytes, got {n - remaining}" + ) + chunks.append(chunk) + remaining -= len(chunk) + return b"".join(chunks) + + def read_byte(self) -> int: + """Read one byte and return it as an int (0..255).""" + return self.read_exact(1)[0] + + def skip(self, n: int) -> None: + """Discard the next ``n`` bytes.""" + self.read_exact(n) + + def read_padded(self, n: int) -> bytes: + """Read ``n`` bytes; if ``n`` is odd, also consume one pad byte.""" + data = self.read_exact(n) + if n & 1: + self.read_exact(1) + return data + + # -- fixed-width integers --------------------------------------------- + + def read_short(self) -> int: + """Read a 2-byte big-endian signed short.""" + return _FMT_SHORT.unpack(self.read_exact(2))[0] + + def read_int(self) -> int: + """Read a 4-byte big-endian signed int.""" + return _FMT_INT.unpack(self.read_exact(4))[0] + + def read_long_bigint(self) -> int: + """Read an 8-byte big-endian signed long (BIGINT).""" + return _FMT_LONG.unpack(self.read_exact(8))[0] + + def read_real(self) -> float: + """Read a 4-byte IEEE 754 single.""" + return _FMT_FLOAT.unpack(self.read_exact(4))[0] + + def read_double(self) -> float: + """Read an 8-byte IEEE 754 double.""" + return _FMT_DOUBLE.unpack(self.read_exact(8))[0] + + # -- length-prefixed strings ------------------------------------------ + + def read_length_prefixed(self) -> bytes: + """Read ``[short length][length bytes]`` and return the payload.""" + length = self.read_short() + if length < 0: + raise ProtocolError(f"negative length prefix: {length}") + return self.read_exact(length) + + def read_string_with_nul(self, encoding: str = "iso-8859-1") -> str: + """Read ``[short len+1][bytes][nul]`` and return the decoded string.""" + length = self.read_short() + if length < 0: + raise ProtocolError(f"negative string length: {length}") + if length == 0: + return "" + raw = self.read_exact(length) + # Strip trailing nul if present (length includes the nul byte). + if raw.endswith(b"\x00"): + raw = raw[:-1] + return raw.decode(encoding) + + +def make_pdu_writer() -> tuple[IfxStreamWriter, BytesIO]: + """Convenience: create a writer backed by a fresh in-memory buffer. + + Returns ``(writer, buffer)``. The caller writes through the writer, + then sends ``buffer.getvalue()`` over the socket as one ``write_all`` + call. Assembling PDUs into BytesIO before flushing means the socket + sees one well-formed PDU per ``send()`` rather than a stream of small + writes that Nagle could fragment unhelpfully. + """ + buf = BytesIO() + return IfxStreamWriter(buf), buf diff --git a/src/informix_db/_socket.py b/src/informix_db/_socket.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9afce79 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/_socket.py @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +"""Raw socket I/O wrapper. + +Thin shim over Python's ``socket.socket`` providing exact-N reads and +exact-N writes with timeout handling. Internal-only — the public Connection +class composes one of these with the protocol layer. + +Mirrors PyMySQL's ``Connection._read_bytes`` / ``_write_bytes`` shape. +TCP_NODELAY is enabled by default to match IBM JDBC's behavior +(see ``com.informix.asf.Connection.openSocket``). +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import contextlib +import socket + +from .exceptions import InterfaceError, OperationalError + + +class IfxSocket: + """Owns a connected TCP socket and provides exact-N read/write.""" + + def __init__( + self, + host: str, + port: int, + connect_timeout: float | None = None, + read_timeout: float | None = None, + keepalive: bool = False, + ): + self._host = host + self._port = port + self._read_timeout = read_timeout + self._sock: socket.socket | None = None + + try: + sock = socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout=connect_timeout) + except OSError as e: + raise OperationalError( + f"cannot connect to Informix at {host}:{port}: {e}" + ) from e + + sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1) + if keepalive: + sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1) + if read_timeout is not None: + sock.settimeout(read_timeout) + else: + # connect_timeout was set on create_connection; clear it now. + sock.settimeout(None) + + self._sock = sock + + @property + def closed(self) -> bool: + return self._sock is None + + def write_all(self, data: bytes) -> None: + """Write ``data`` in full or raise on partial send.""" + if self._sock is None: + raise InterfaceError("socket is closed") + try: + self._sock.sendall(data) + except OSError as e: + self._force_close() + raise OperationalError(f"write failed: {e}") from e + + def read_exact(self, n: int) -> bytes: + """Read exactly ``n`` bytes or raise on EOF / timeout.""" + if self._sock is None: + raise InterfaceError("socket is closed") + chunks: list[bytes] = [] + remaining = n + while remaining > 0: + try: + chunk = self._sock.recv(remaining) + except OSError as e: + self._force_close() + raise OperationalError(f"read failed: {e}") from e + if not chunk: + self._force_close() + raise OperationalError( + f"server closed connection mid-read " + f"(wanted {n} bytes, got {n - remaining})" + ) + chunks.append(chunk) + remaining -= len(chunk) + return b"".join(chunks) + + def close(self) -> None: + """Close the socket. Idempotent and never raises.""" + if self._sock is None: + return + with contextlib.suppress(OSError): + self._sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR) + with contextlib.suppress(OSError): + self._sock.close() + self._sock = None + + def _force_close(self) -> None: + """Best-effort close used in error paths.""" + if self._sock is None: + return + with contextlib.suppress(OSError): + self._sock.close() + self._sock = None + + def __enter__(self) -> IfxSocket: + return self + + def __exit__(self, *_exc: object) -> None: + self.close() diff --git a/src/informix_db/connections.py b/src/informix_db/connections.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..05be537 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/connections.py @@ -0,0 +1,375 @@ +"""SQLI connection management — login PDU assembly, send, parse, close. + +This is the Phase 1 minimum: open socket, send the binary login PDU, +parse the server response, expose ``close()`` (which sends ``SQ_EXIT``). +``cursor()`` is a stub — it lands in Phase 2. + +The login PDU layout is documented byte-by-byte in +``docs/PROTOCOL_NOTES.md`` §3 and validated against the captured JDBC +reference in ``docs/CAPTURES/01-connect-only.socat.log``. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import os +import socket as socket_mod +import struct +import threading +from io import BytesIO +from pathlib import Path + +from . import _auth +from ._messages import ( + APPL_ID, + APPL_TYPE, + ASF_XCONNECT, + CLIENT_SERIAL, + CLIENT_VERSION, + FLOAT_TYPE, + NET_TLITCP, + PROT_SQLIOL, + UTYPE_INTERNET, + LoginMarker, + MessageType, + SLHeader, + StmtOptions, +) +from ._protocol import IfxStreamReader, IfxStreamWriter, ProtocolError, make_pdu_writer +from ._socket import IfxSocket +from .exceptions import InterfaceError, OperationalError + +# Default capability bits the JDBC reference sends. Captured from +# 01-connect-only.socat.log: Cap_1=1, Cap_2=0x3c000000, Cap_3=0. +# Server echoes these back. Their exact bit semantics are unmapped; for +# now we send what JDBC sends so the server treats us as a known peer. +_DEFAULT_CAP_1 = 1 +_DEFAULT_CAP_2 = 0x3C000000 +_DEFAULT_CAP_3 = 0 + +# Default environment variables sent in the login PDU (SQ_ASCENV section). +# These match what the JDBC driver sends for a vanilla en_US.8859-1 +# connection. Anything missing makes the server fall back to defaults. +_DEFAULT_ENV: dict[str, str] = { + "DBPATH": ".", + "CLIENT_LOCALE": "en_US.8859-1", + "CLNT_PAM_CAPABLE": "1", + "DBDATE": "Y4MD-", + "IFX_UPDDESC": "1", + "NODEFDAC": "no", +} + + +class Connection: + """A SQLI session. Owns one TCP socket and the post-login state. + + Constructed via :func:`informix_db.connect`, not directly. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + host: str, + port: int, + user: str, + password: str | None, + database: str | None, + server: str, + *, + connect_timeout: float | None = None, + read_timeout: float | None = None, + keepalive: bool = False, + client_locale: str = "en_US.8859-1", + env: dict[str, str] | None = None, + autocommit: bool = False, # honored from Phase 3 onward + ): + self._host = host + self._port = port + self._user = user + self._database = database + self._server = server + self._client_locale = client_locale + self._autocommit = autocommit + self._closed = False + self._lock = threading.Lock() + + # Build the env-var dict sent in the login PDU. + self._env = dict(_DEFAULT_ENV) + self._env["CLIENT_LOCALE"] = client_locale + if env: + self._env.update(env) + + self._sock = IfxSocket( + host, port, + connect_timeout=connect_timeout, + read_timeout=read_timeout, + keepalive=keepalive, + ) + + try: + login_pdu = self._build_login_pdu(user, password) + self._sock.write_all(login_pdu) + self._parse_login_response() + except Exception: + self._sock.close() + self._closed = True + raise + + # -- public API surface (PEP 249-shaped, minimal in Phase 1) ----------- + + @property + def closed(self) -> bool: + return self._closed + + def cursor(self): + """Return a Cursor. NOT IMPLEMENTED in Phase 1.""" + raise NotImplementedError( + "Cursor is implemented in Phase 2; " + "Phase 1 only validates connect() / close()." + ) + + def commit(self) -> None: + """No-op in Phase 1 (transactions land in Phase 3).""" + if self._closed: + raise InterfaceError("connection is closed") + + def rollback(self) -> None: + """No-op in Phase 1 (transactions land in Phase 3).""" + if self._closed: + raise InterfaceError("connection is closed") + + def close(self) -> None: + """Send SQ_EXIT and tear down the socket. Idempotent.""" + with self._lock: + if self._closed: + return + self._closed = True + try: + self._send_exit() + finally: + self._sock.close() + + def __enter__(self) -> Connection: + return self + + def __exit__(self, *_exc: object) -> None: + self.close() + + # -- login PDU assembly ------------------------------------------------ + + def _build_login_pdu(self, user: str, password: str | None) -> bytes: + """Assemble the full client→server login PDU. + + Returns the SLheader (6 bytes) prepended to the PFheader payload. + Layout per PROTOCOL_NOTES.md §3. + """ + # Build the PFheader (variable-size body). + pf_writer, pf_buf = make_pdu_writer() + self._write_pf_payload(pf_writer, user, password) + pf_bytes = pf_buf.getvalue() + + # Prepend the SLheader (6 bytes: total length, type, attr, opts). + sl_writer, sl_buf = make_pdu_writer() + sl_writer.write_short(len(pf_bytes) + 6) # total PDU size incl. header + sl_writer.write_byte(SLHeader.SLTYPE_CONREQ) # 1 = connection request + sl_writer.write_byte(SLHeader.PF_PROT_SQLI_0600) # 60 = protocol version + sl_writer.write_short(0) # slOptions (0 in vanilla connect) + + return sl_buf.getvalue() + pf_bytes + + def _write_pf_payload( + self, + w: IfxStreamWriter, + user: str, + password: str | None, + ) -> None: + """Write the PFheader (binary login body), per PROTOCOL_NOTES §3b.""" + # Association markers + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASSOC) + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCBINARY) + w.write_int(61) # observed magic (probably PF_PROT_SQLI_WITH_CSS) + + # Float-type identifier + w.write_short(len(FLOAT_TYPE) + 1) + w.write_bytes(FLOAT_TYPE) + w.write_byte(0) + + # Binary parameters block start + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCBPARMS) + w.write_bytes(APPL_TYPE) # 12 bytes "sqlexec\0\0\0\0\0", no length prefix + + # Client version (hardcoded "9.280") + w.write_short(len(CLIENT_VERSION) + 1) + w.write_bytes(CLIENT_VERSION) + w.write_byte(0) + + # Client serial (hardcoded "RDS#R000000") + w.write_short(len(CLIENT_SERIAL) + 1) + w.write_bytes(CLIENT_SERIAL) + w.write_byte(0) + + # Application ID + w.write_short(len(APPL_ID) + 1) + w.write_bytes(APPL_ID) + w.write_byte(0) + + # Three negotiated capability ints (Cap_1, Cap_2, Cap_3) + w.write_int(_DEFAULT_CAP_1) + w.write_int(_DEFAULT_CAP_2) + w.write_int(_DEFAULT_CAP_3) + + # ?? section: short 1 (purpose unknown; observed in capture) + w.write_short(1) + + # Username + password — delegated to the auth handler + _auth.write_plain_password(w, user, password) + + # Protocol & network identifiers + w.write_bytes(PROT_SQLIOL) # "ol\0\0\0\0\0\0" + w.write_int(61) # observed magic + w.write_bytes(NET_TLITCP) # "tlitcp\0\0" + w.write_int(UTYPE_INTERNET) # 1 + + # Init-request marker block + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCINITREQ) + w.write_short(ASF_XCONNECT) + w.write_int(StmtOptions.ASF_AMBIG_SEOL) # 3 in vanilla connect + + # Server name + w.write_string_with_nul(self._server) + + # Database (optional) + if self._database is None: + w.write_short(0) + else: + w.write_string_with_nul(self._database) + + # 4 reserved/empty option slots (8 bytes total) + for _ in range(4): + w.write_short(0) + + # Environment vars + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCENV) + w.write_short(len(self._env)) + for name, value in self._env.items(): + w.write_string_with_nul(name) + w.write_string_with_nul(value) + + # Process info + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCPINFO) + w.write_int(0) # reserved + w.write_int(os.getpid() & 0x7FFFFFFF) + # threading.get_ident() can exceed signed 32-bit on long-running + # processes; the JDBC reference catches NumberFormatException and + # falls back to 0. We do the same — the field is diagnostic only. + tid = threading.get_ident() + w.write_int(tid if 0 <= tid <= 0x7FFFFFFF else 0) + hostname = socket_mod.gethostname() or "unknown" + w.write_string_with_nul(hostname) + w.write_short(0) # reserved + cwd = str(Path.cwd()) or "" + w.write_string_with_nul(cwd) + + # AppName section (SQ_ASCMISC_60) + appname = f"informix-db@pid{os.getpid()}" + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCMISC_60) + w.write_short(10 + len(appname) + 1) + w.write_int(0) + w.write_int(0) + w.write_string_with_nul(appname) + + # End-of-PDU marker + w.write_short(LoginMarker.SQ_ASCEOT) + + # -- response parsing ------------------------------------------------- + + def _parse_login_response(self) -> None: + """Read and parse the server's login response. + + Server returns either an SLTYPE_CONACC (success, with server + version + capabilities) or an SLTYPE_CONREJ (rejection, with + error block). We decode just enough to distinguish success from + failure for Phase 1; the full response decode (server version, + capabilities, etc.) lands as it becomes useful. + """ + # First two bytes: total response length (including this field) + length_bytes = self._sock.read_exact(2) + total_length = struct.unpack("!h", length_bytes)[0] + if total_length < 6: + raise ProtocolError( + f"login response too short: {total_length} bytes" + ) + + # Read the rest of the SLheader + payload + rest = self._sock.read_exact(total_length - 2) + reader = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(rest)) + + sl_type = reader.read_byte() + sl_attribute = reader.read_byte() # noqa: F841 — read for stream alignment + sl_options = reader.read_short() # noqa: F841 + + if sl_type == SLHeader.SLTYPE_CONREJ: + # Rejection — pull out the error message if we can + self._raise_from_rejection(reader) + elif sl_type == SLHeader.SLTYPE_REDIRECT: + raise OperationalError( + "server sent a connection redirect; this driver doesn't " + "follow redirects yet (Phase 6+)" + ) + elif sl_type != SLHeader.SLTYPE_CONACC: + raise ProtocolError(f"unknown SLType in login response: {sl_type}") + # SLTYPE_CONACC — connection accepted. We don't (yet) decode the + # full server-side metadata. Phase 1 just needs to know "we got in". + + def _raise_from_rejection(self, reader: IfxStreamReader) -> None: + """Best-effort decode of the connection-rejection error block. + + Per PROTOCOL_NOTES.md §3c-d. We try to extract the SQLCODE and + message, but if the layout drifts we raise a generic + OperationalError with whatever bytes we read. + """ + try: + # Skip the SQ_ASSOC + SQ_ASCBINARY markers and the int 61 magic + reader.skip(2 + 2 + 4) + # Then there's a length-prefixed block we skip + sub_length = reader.read_short() + reader.skip(sub_length) + # Then SQ_ASCBPARMS marker + marker = reader.read_short() + if marker != LoginMarker.SQ_ASCBPARMS: + raise OperationalError( + "server rejected the connection (no decodable error block)" + ) + # Skip 12 bytes of fixed-position metadata, then the version + # string, serial, applid, capabilities — we don't need any of + # that on the failure path, so we just bail out with a clear + # message. Phase 5 expands this to actually find the SQ_ASCINITRESP + # block and pull svcError/osError/Warnings/errMsg. + raise OperationalError("server rejected the connection") + except ProtocolError as e: + raise OperationalError(f"server rejected the connection: {e}") from e + + # -- disconnection ---------------------------------------------------- + + def _send_exit(self) -> None: + """Send the bare ``[short SQ_EXIT=56]`` disconnect message. + + Per PROTOCOL_NOTES.md §8. Server echoes back ``SQ_EXIT`` or + ``SQ_EOT``; we read and discard. Errors are swallowed because + we're already tearing down. + """ + try: + self._sock.write_all(struct.pack("!h", MessageType.SQ_EXIT)) + # Read the ack — server may interleave one or more SQ_XACTSTAT + # records, so loop until we see SQ_EXIT or SQ_EOT. + for _ in range(8): # bounded loop just in case + tag = struct.unpack("!h", self._sock.read_exact(2))[0] + if tag in (MessageType.SQ_EXIT, MessageType.SQ_EOT): + return + # SQ_XACTSTAT (99) carries 6 bytes of status info we don't need. + if tag == 99: + self._sock.read_exact(6) + continue + # Unknown ack; bail out — we're closing anyway. + return + except (OperationalError, InterfaceError, OSError, ProtocolError): + # Already closing; nothing to do but suppress. + return diff --git a/src/informix_db/exceptions.py b/src/informix_db/exceptions.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0a1a14c --- /dev/null +++ b/src/informix_db/exceptions.py @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +"""PEP 249 (DB-API 2.0) exception hierarchy. + +The full tree is declared up front so the API surface is stable from Phase 1 +onward, even though only ``InterfaceError`` and ``OperationalError`` are +raised this phase. Later phases progressively populate the rest as the +relevant code paths land (DML in Phase 3 → IntegrityError; prepared +statements in Phase 4 → ProgrammingError; etc.). +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + + +class Warning(Exception): + """PEP 249 Warning — base for non-fatal informational events. + + Yes, this shadows the builtin ``Warning``. PEP 249 mandates the name. + """ + + +class Error(Exception): + """PEP 249 Error — base for all driver exceptions other than ``Warning``.""" + + +class InterfaceError(Error): + """Driver/interface-level problem (bad arguments, closed connection used).""" + + +class DatabaseError(Error): + """Server-side problem reported via the SQLI error response.""" + + +class DataError(DatabaseError): + """Data-related error (out-of-range value, division by zero, bad cast).""" + + +class OperationalError(DatabaseError): + """Server-side operational problem (auth failure, network drop, deadlock).""" + + +class IntegrityError(DatabaseError): + """Constraint violation (FK, unique, NOT NULL, check).""" + + +class InternalError(DatabaseError): + """Server reports an internal/inconsistent state.""" + + +class ProgrammingError(DatabaseError): + """Bad SQL syntax, missing object, parameter count mismatch.""" + + +class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError): + """Operation not supported by this driver or by the connected server.""" + + +def error_from_server_response( + sqlstate: str | None, + sqlcode: int, + message: str, +) -> Error: + """Map a server error response to the appropriate PEP 249 exception class. + + Phase 5 fills in the SQLSTATE-class dispatch (08xxx → OperationalError, + 23xxx → IntegrityError, 42xxx → ProgrammingError, etc.). For Phase 1 we + return a generic ``DatabaseError`` so the call site is stable now. + """ + return DatabaseError(f"[SQLSTATE={sqlstate} SQLCODE={sqlcode}] {message}") diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..14e728e --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/conftest.py @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +"""Shared pytest fixtures. + +The integration tests need a running Informix server on ``localhost:9088`` +with the default Developer Edition credentials (``informix`` / ``in4mix`` +on the ``sysmaster`` database). Run:: + + docker compose -f tests/docker-compose.yml up -d + +before the integration suite. See ``docs/DECISION_LOG.md`` for the +pinned image digest and credential rationale. + +Connection parameters are overridable via env vars +(``IFX_HOST`` / ``IFX_PORT`` / ``IFX_USER`` / ``IFX_PASSWORD`` / +``IFX_DATABASE`` / ``IFX_SERVER``) so the same suite runs against a +non-default instance if you have one. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import os +import socket +from collections.abc import Iterator +from typing import NamedTuple + +import pytest + + +class ConnParams(NamedTuple): + host: str + port: int + user: str + password: str + database: str + server: str + + +@pytest.fixture(scope="session") +def conn_params() -> ConnParams: + """Connection parameters for the test Informix instance.""" + return ConnParams( + host=os.environ.get("IFX_HOST", "127.0.0.1"), + port=int(os.environ.get("IFX_PORT", "9088")), + user=os.environ.get("IFX_USER", "informix"), + password=os.environ.get("IFX_PASSWORD", "in4mix"), + database=os.environ.get("IFX_DATABASE", "sysmaster"), + server=os.environ.get("IFX_SERVER", "informix"), + ) + + +@pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True) +def _check_integration_server(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """Skip integration tests cleanly when the server isn't up. + + Avoids a sea of ``ConnectionRefusedError`` failures masking real bugs + when the user runs the full suite without ``docker compose up``. + """ + if "integration" not in request.config.getoption("-m", default=""): + return + try: + with socket.create_connection((conn_params.host, conn_params.port), timeout=2.0): + return + except OSError as e: + pytest.skip( + f"Informix server not reachable at {conn_params.host}:{conn_params.port} ({e}). " + f"Start it with: docker compose -f tests/docker-compose.yml up -d" + ) + + +@pytest.fixture +def ifx_connection(conn_params: ConnParams) -> Iterator[object]: + """Open a fresh Informix connection for one test, then close it.""" + import informix_db + + conn = informix_db.connect( + host=conn_params.host, port=conn_params.port, + user=conn_params.user, password=conn_params.password, + database=conn_params.database, server=conn_params.server, + connect_timeout=10.0, read_timeout=10.0, + ) + try: + yield conn + finally: + conn.close() diff --git a/tests/docker-compose.yml b/tests/docker-compose.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b360ab3 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/docker-compose.yml @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# Informix Developer Edition pinned by digest — captured 2026-05-02 in DECISION_LOG.md. +# Pin by digest, not :latest, to keep the test suite reproducible across machines. +# To start: make ifx-up (or: docker compose -f tests/docker-compose.yml up -d) +# To stop: make ifx-down (or: docker compose -f tests/docker-compose.yml down) +services: + ifx: + container_name: informix-db-test + image: icr.io/informix/informix-developer-database@sha256:8202d69ba5674df4b13140d5121dd11b7b26b28dc60119b7e8f87e533e538ba1 + privileged: true + environment: + LICENSE: accept + SIZE: small + ports: + - "9088:9088" + healthcheck: + # Listener is up when port 9088 accepts a TCP connection. The + # underlying engine takes ~60-180s to fully initialize on first start; + # the healthcheck retries cover that window. + test: ["CMD-SHELL", "exec 3<>/dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/9088 && exec 3<&- && exec 3>&-"] + interval: 5s + timeout: 3s + retries: 60 + start_period: 30s diff --git a/tests/test_protocol.py b/tests/test_protocol.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e55d060 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_protocol.py @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ +"""Unit tests for ``_protocol.py`` framing primitives. + +These run without a database — they assert that the encoders produce +exactly the bytes IBM's JDBC reference would produce, and that the +decoders round-trip cleanly. The byte expectations come from the +captured login PDU in ``docs/CAPTURES/01-connect-only.socat.log``. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from io import BytesIO + +import pytest + +from informix_db._protocol import IfxStreamReader, IfxStreamWriter, ProtocolError + + +def make_writer() -> tuple[IfxStreamWriter, BytesIO]: + buf = BytesIO() + return IfxStreamWriter(buf), buf + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Endianness +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class TestEndianness: + """All multi-byte integers MUST be big-endian (network byte order).""" + + def test_short_is_big_endian(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_short(0x1234) + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x12\x34" + + def test_int_is_big_endian(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_int(0x12345678) + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x12\x34\x56\x78" + + def test_long_bigint_is_big_endian(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_long_bigint(0x123456789ABCDEF0) + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x12\x34\x56\x78\x9a\xbc\xde\xf0" + + def test_observed_capability_int_matches(self) -> None: + """Cap_2 from the captured PDU is 0x3c000000 — verify our encoder hits it.""" + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_int(0x3C000000) + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x3c\x00\x00\x00" + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Padding +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class TestPadding: + """Variable-length payloads must be padded to even byte alignment.""" + + def test_even_length_no_padding(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_padded(b"\x01\x02") + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x01\x02" + + def test_odd_length_pads_with_nul(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_padded(b"\x01\x02\x03") + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x01\x02\x03\x00" + + def test_empty_no_padding(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_padded(b"") + assert buf.getvalue() == b"" + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Length-prefixed strings +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class TestStringEncoding: + """``write_string_with_nul`` must produce ``[short len+1][bytes][nul]``.""" + + def test_simple_ascii(self) -> None: + """The username 'informix' from the captured login: 9 bytes (8+nul).""" + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_string_with_nul("informix") + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x00\x09informix\x00" + + def test_password_in4mix_matches_capture(self) -> None: + """The password 'in4mix' from the captured login: 7 bytes (6+nul).""" + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_string_with_nul("in4mix") + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x00\x07in4mix\x00" + + def test_empty_string(self) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_string_with_nul("") + # Empty string: length=1 (just the nul), content=just the nul. + assert buf.getvalue() == b"\x00\x01\x00" + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Reader round-trips +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class TestRoundTrip: + """Every encoder must round-trip through its matching decoder.""" + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("value", [0, 1, -1, 32767, -32768, 0x1234]) + def test_short_round_trip(self, value: int) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_short(value) + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(buf.getvalue())) + assert r.read_short() == value + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("value", [0, 1, -1, 0x7FFFFFFF, -0x80000000, 0x3C000000]) + def test_int_round_trip(self, value: int) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_int(value) + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(buf.getvalue())) + assert r.read_int() == value + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("value", [0, 1, -1, 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, -0x8000000000000000]) + def test_long_bigint_round_trip(self, value: int) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_long_bigint(value) + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(buf.getvalue())) + assert r.read_long_bigint() == value + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("text", ["", "informix", "in4mix", "hello world"]) + def test_string_with_nul_round_trip(self, text: str) -> None: + w, buf = make_writer() + w.write_string_with_nul(text) + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(buf.getvalue())) + assert r.read_string_with_nul() == text + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Failure modes +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +class TestFailureModes: + """Truncated or malformed streams must raise ``ProtocolError``, not silently misbehave.""" + + def test_short_eof_raises(self) -> None: + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(b"\x12")) # 1 byte, want 2 + with pytest.raises(ProtocolError, match="unexpected EOF"): + r.read_short() + + def test_int_eof_raises(self) -> None: + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(b"\x00\x00\x00")) # 3 bytes, want 4 + with pytest.raises(ProtocolError, match="unexpected EOF"): + r.read_int() + + def test_negative_string_length_rejected(self) -> None: + # A short with the high bit set parses as negative; should fail fast. + r = IfxStreamReader(BytesIO(b"\xff\xff")) + with pytest.raises(ProtocolError, match="negative string length"): + r.read_string_with_nul() diff --git a/tests/test_smoke.py b/tests/test_smoke.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0717ddd --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_smoke.py @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +"""Phase 1 integration smoke tests — connect, auth-fail, network-fail. + +Marked ``integration`` so the default ``pytest`` invocation skips them. +Run with ``pytest -m integration`` after ``docker compose up`` (or with +the container already running). +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import pytest + +import informix_db +from tests.conftest import ConnParams + +pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration + + +def test_connect_and_close(conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """The happy path: connect with valid creds, then close cleanly.""" + conn = informix_db.connect( + host=conn_params.host, port=conn_params.port, + user=conn_params.user, password=conn_params.password, + database=conn_params.database, server=conn_params.server, + connect_timeout=10.0, read_timeout=10.0, + ) + assert conn.closed is False + conn.close() + assert conn.closed is True + + +def test_close_is_idempotent(conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """``close()`` must be safely callable multiple times.""" + conn = informix_db.connect( + host=conn_params.host, port=conn_params.port, + user=conn_params.user, password=conn_params.password, + database=conn_params.database, server=conn_params.server, + connect_timeout=10.0, + ) + conn.close() + conn.close() # must not raise + assert conn.closed is True + + +def test_context_manager(conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """``with`` block closes on exit.""" + with informix_db.connect( + host=conn_params.host, port=conn_params.port, + user=conn_params.user, password=conn_params.password, + database=conn_params.database, server=conn_params.server, + connect_timeout=10.0, + ) as conn: + assert conn.closed is False + assert conn.closed is True + + +def test_bad_password_raises_operational_error(conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """Auth failure must be ``OperationalError``, not a generic socket error.""" + with pytest.raises(informix_db.OperationalError): + informix_db.connect( + host=conn_params.host, port=conn_params.port, + user=conn_params.user, password="definitely-the-wrong-password", + database=conn_params.database, server=conn_params.server, + connect_timeout=5.0, read_timeout=5.0, + ) + + +def test_bad_host_raises_operational_error(conn_params: ConnParams) -> None: + """Network-level failure must also be ``OperationalError``.""" + # Pick an unused port on loopback. + with pytest.raises(informix_db.OperationalError, match="cannot connect"): + informix_db.connect( + host="127.0.0.1", port=1, # IANA-reserved, 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