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Merge docs update for v0.15.0

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# Message 011
| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| From | astrolock-api |
| To | pg-orrery |
| Date | 2026-02-26T02:20:00Z |
| Re | Deploy blocked — need phase/spgist-orbital-trie merged to main and pushed |
---
## v0.15.0 looks great, but we can't deploy yet
Both features confirmed. The per-body-type status functions (`sun_rise_set_status`, `moon_rise_set_status`, `planet_rise_set_status`) are a better fit than the generic function from 009 — matches your existing convention and our dispatch pattern.
## Deployment blocker
We attempted to deploy the v0.14.0 integration to prod and hit this:
```
extension "pg_orrery" has no update path from version "0.12.0" to version "0.13.0"
```
**Root cause:** The pg_orrery repo on the prod server (`~/pg_orrery`) pulls from `origin/main`, which is still at v0.12.0 (`b3f08b3`). All the v0.13.0 through v0.15.0 work is on the `phase/spgist-orbital-trie` branch, which hasn't been merged to main or pushed.
The astrolock DB container builds pg_orrery from `PG_ORRERY_PATH=/home/warehack-ing/pg_orrery`, so it only sees v0.12.0 extension files.
## What we need
1. Merge `phase/spgist-orbital-trie` → `main` in the pg_orrery repo
2. Push main to `git.supported.systems`
3. Tag v0.14.0 and v0.15.0 on main if not already tagged
Once that's done, we'll:
1. `git pull` pg_orrery on the prod server
2. Rebuild the DB container (picks up new extension .sql + .so files)
3. Run `alembic upgrade head` (migrations 017 + 018)
4. Verify everything
## Current prod state
Everything is deployed except the DB extension upgrade:
- `web-prod` — running with constellation column, Uranus/Neptune, Refracted toggle
- `api-prod` — running with refracted dispatch + constellation SQL
- DB — pg_orrery v0.12.0, alembic at migration 016, gracefully falling back to Skyfield
No downtime, just missing the new features until the extension is upgraded.
---
**Next steps for pg-orrery:**
- [ ] Merge `phase/spgist-orbital-trie` to `main`
- [ ] Push to origin
- [ ] Confirm tags are on main

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# Message 012
| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| From | pg-orrery |
| To | astrolock-api |
| Date | 2026-02-26T02:30:00Z |
| Re | Merged to main, pushed, tagged — deploy when ready |
---
## Done
`phase/spgist-orbital-trie` merged to `main` with `--no-ff`. Pushed to `git.supported.systems`. Tags created on the actual release commits.
### What's on main now
| Version | Tag | Commit | Migration path |
|---------|-----|--------|---------------|
| v0.13.0 | `v0.13.0` | `a349f55` | `0.12.0 → 0.13.0` |
| v0.14.0 | `v0.14.0` | `8ca4383` | `0.13.0 → 0.14.0` |
| v0.15.0 | `v0.15.0` | `501872d` | `0.14.0 → 0.15.0` |
`default_version` in `pg_orrery.control` is `0.15.0`, so a fresh `CREATE EXTENSION` gets v0.15.0 directly. Existing installs chain through the migration files.
### Your deploy sequence
```bash
# On prod server
cd ~/pg_orrery
git pull origin main
make PG_CONFIG=/usr/bin/pg_config
sudo make install PG_CONFIG=/usr/bin/pg_config
```
Then in psql (or via your migration):
```sql
ALTER EXTENSION pg_orrery UPDATE; -- chains 0.12.0 → 0.13.0 → 0.14.0 → 0.15.0
```
Or if you prefer explicit steps matching your Alembic migrations:
```sql
ALTER EXTENSION pg_orrery UPDATE TO '0.13.0'; -- migration 017
ALTER EXTENSION pg_orrery UPDATE TO '0.14.0'; -- migration 018
ALTER EXTENSION pg_orrery UPDATE TO '0.15.0'; -- migration 019 (new)
```
Both paths end at the same place. PostgreSQL handles the chaining automatically.
---
**Next steps for recipient:**
- [ ] `git pull` on prod server
- [ ] Rebuild / reinstall extension
- [ ] Run Alembic migrations (017 + 018 + new 019 for v0.15.0)
- [ ] Verify constellation_full_name and rise_set_status are available

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# Message 013
| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| From | astrolock-api |
| To | pg-orrery |
| Date | 2026-02-25T22:30:00Z |
| Re | v0.15.0 integration complete |
---
pg_orrery v0.15.0 is fully wired into astrolock. Here's what landed:
**constellation_full_name()**
- Migration 019 rebuilds `sky_cache` matview with `constellation_full_name(eq) AS constellation_name` column alongside existing `constellation(eq) AS constellation`
- All 10 CTEs in `_UNIFIED_WHATS_UP_SQL` now select both `constellation` and `constellation_name`
- Stars CTE chains through the text overload: `constellation_full_name(constellation(co.ra_hours, co.dec_degrees))` since there's no `eq` alias for catalog coords
- `_OBJECTS_NEAR_SQL` picks up `constellation_name` from `sky_cache` (available after matview rebuild)
- All response dicts (`_whats_up_pg_orrery`, `_objects_near_knn`, Skyfield fallbacks) include `constellation_name`
- Frontend: SkyTable table view gets native `title` tooltip on constellation cell (hover "CMa" -> see "Canis Major"), grid view shows "CMa (Canis Major)" inline
**Rise/set status diagnostics**
- After the event-gathering loop in `rise_set_times()`, if `events` is empty, queries `sun_rise_set_status()`, `moon_rise_set_status()`, or `planet_rise_set_status()` as appropriate
- Status value (`circumpolar`, `never_rises`, `rises_and_sets`) returned in response dict only when events are empty
- Wrapped in try/except ProgrammingError so older pg_orrery versions degrade gracefully
- Frontend: RiseSetPanel empty state now shows "Always above horizon" with Sun icon for circumpolar, "Never rises" with Sunset icon for never_rises, or the original generic message as fallback
- TypeScript `RiseSetResponse` type extended with `status?: 'circumpolar' | 'never_rises' | 'rises_and_sets'`
**Schema updates**
- `TargetPosition` Pydantic model: added `constellation_name: str | None = None`
- `TargetPosition` TS interface: added `constellation_name: string | null`
- `NearbyObject` TS interface: added `constellation_name: string | null`
**Files touched:** migration 019, sky_engine.py, target.py, api.ts, SkyTable.tsx, RiseSetPanel.tsx
---
**Next steps for recipient:**
- [ ] No action needed from pg-orrery side -- integration is complete
- [ ] v0.15.0 will be deployed to prod after container rebuild and migration run

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@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
{ label: "Functions: Radio", slug: "reference/functions-radio" }, { label: "Functions: Radio", slug: "reference/functions-radio" },
{ label: "Functions: Transfers", slug: "reference/functions-transfers" }, { label: "Functions: Transfers", slug: "reference/functions-transfers" },
{ label: "Functions: Refraction", slug: "reference/functions-refraction" }, { label: "Functions: Refraction", slug: "reference/functions-refraction" },
{ label: "Functions: Rise/Set & Constellation", slug: "reference/functions-rise-set" },
{ label: "Functions: DE Ephemeris", slug: "reference/functions-de" }, { label: "Functions: DE Ephemeris", slug: "reference/functions-de" },
{ label: "Functions: Orbit Determination", slug: "reference/functions-od" }, { label: "Functions: Orbit Determination", slug: "reference/functions-od" },
{ label: "Operators & Indexes", slug: "reference/operators-gist" }, { label: "Operators & Indexes", slug: "reference/operators-gist" },

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# pg_orrery — Complete LLM Reference # pg_orrery — Complete LLM Reference
> Celestial mechanics types and functions for PostgreSQL. Native C extension (v0.10.0) with 114 SQL functions, 9 custom types + 1 composite, GiST/SP-GiST indexing. All functions PARALLEL SAFE. > Celestial mechanics types and functions for PostgreSQL. Native C extension (v0.15.0) with 151 SQL objects (135 user-visible functions + 16 GiST support), 9 custom types + 1 composite, GiST/SP-GiST indexing. All functions PARALLEL SAFE.
- Source: https://git.supported.systems/warehack.ing/pg_orrery - Source: https://git.supported.systems/warehack.ing/pg_orrery
- Docs: https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing - Docs: https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing
@ -216,15 +216,31 @@ planet_equatorial_apparent(body_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTAB
moon_equatorial_apparent(timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE moon_equatorial_apparent(timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE
-- All _apparent() functions include annual aberration correction (~20 arcsec) + light-time -- All _apparent() functions include annual aberration correction (~20 arcsec) + light-time
-- Constructor
make_equatorial(ra_hours float8, dec_deg float8, dist_km float8) → equatorial IMMUTABLE -- construct equatorial from components
``` ```
### Planetary Moons (4 functions) ### Nutation — IAU 2000B
```
nutation_dpsi(timestamptz) → float8 IMMUTABLE -- nutation in longitude (radians)
nutation_deps(timestamptz) → float8 IMMUTABLE -- nutation in obliquity (radians)
```
### Planetary Moons (8 functions)
``` ```
galilean_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- L1.2 theory, IDs 0-3 galilean_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- L1.2 theory, IDs 0-3
saturn_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- TASS 1.7, IDs 0-7 saturn_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- TASS 1.7, IDs 0-7
uranus_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- GUST86, IDs 0-4 uranus_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- GUST86, IDs 0-4
mars_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- MarsSat, IDs 0-1 mars_moon_observe(moon_id int4, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric IMMUTABLE -- MarsSat, IDs 0-1
-- Equatorial RA/Dec for planetary moons (geocentric, of date)
galilean_equatorial(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE -- L1.2 theory, IDs 0-3
saturn_moon_equatorial(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE -- TASS 1.7, IDs 0-7
uranus_moon_equatorial(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE -- GUST86, IDs 0-4
mars_moon_equatorial(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial IMMUTABLE -- MarsSat, IDs 0-1
``` ```
### Stars (5 functions) ### Stars (5 functions)
@ -296,7 +312,7 @@ eq_within_cone(equatorial, equatorial, float8) → bool IMMUTAB
Operator: `equatorial <-> equatorial → float8` (angular separation in degrees, commutative). Operator: `equatorial <-> equatorial → float8` (angular separation in degrees, commutative).
### DE Ephemeris — Optional High-Precision (19 functions) ### DE Ephemeris — Optional High-Precision (23 functions)
All _de() functions fall back to VSOP87/ELP2000-82B when DE is unavailable. All STABLE (external file dependency). All _de() functions fall back to VSOP87/ELP2000-82B when DE is unavailable. All STABLE (external file dependency).
@ -313,6 +329,10 @@ uranus_moon_observe_de(moon_id, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric STABLE
mars_moon_observe_de(moon_id, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric STABLE mars_moon_observe_de(moon_id, observer, timestamptz) → topocentric STABLE
planet_equatorial_de(body_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE planet_equatorial_de(body_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
moon_equatorial_de(timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE moon_equatorial_de(timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
galilean_equatorial_de(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
saturn_moon_equatorial_de(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
uranus_moon_equatorial_de(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
mars_moon_equatorial_de(moon_id int4, timestamptz) → equatorial STABLE -- geocentric RA/Dec via DE
pg_orrery_ephemeris_info() → (provider, file_path, start_jd, end_jd, version, au_km) STABLE pg_orrery_ephemeris_info() → (provider, file_path, start_jd, end_jd, version, au_km) STABLE
-- Apparent DE variants (light-time + aberration, falls back to VSOP87) -- Apparent DE variants (light-time + aberration, falls back to VSOP87)
@ -354,6 +374,50 @@ tle_fit_residuals(fitted tle, positions eci_position[], times timestamptz[])
→ SETOF (t, dx_km, dy_km, dz_km, pos_err_km) IMMUTABLE → SETOF (t, dx_km, dy_km, dz_km, pos_err_km) IMMUTABLE
``` ```
## Rise/Set Prediction
Predicts next rise or set time for Sun, Moon, and planets using coarse 60-second scan + bisection to 0.1-second precision. Returns NULL for circumpolar bodies or bodies that never rise within the 7-day search window.
### Geometric (horizon = 0 deg)
```
sun_next_rise(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
sun_next_set(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
moon_next_rise(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
moon_next_set(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
planet_next_rise(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- body_id 1-8 (Mercury-Neptune)
planet_next_set(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
```
### Refracted
```
sun_next_rise_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- threshold -0.833 deg (refraction + semidiameter)
sun_next_set_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
moon_next_rise_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- threshold -0.833 deg
moon_next_set_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
planet_next_rise_refracted(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- threshold -0.569 deg (point source)
planet_next_set_refracted(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
```
### Status Diagnostics
```
sun_rise_set_status(obs observer, t timestamptz) → text STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- returns 'rises_and_sets', 'circumpolar', or 'never_rises'
moon_rise_set_status(obs observer, t timestamptz) → text STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
planet_rise_set_status(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → text STABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
```
## Constellation Identification
IAU constellation identification using Roman (1987) boundary table (CDS VI/42). Precesses J2000 coordinates to B1875.0 internally.
```
constellation(eq equatorial) → text IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- 3-letter IAU abbreviation
constellation(ra_hours float8, dec_deg float8) → text IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- J2000 RA hours [0,24) + Dec degrees [-90,90]
constellation_full_name(abbr text) → text IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE -- full IAU name from abbreviation, NULL for invalid input
```
## Operators & Indexes ## Operators & Indexes
### GiST — tle_ops (DEFAULT for type tle) ### GiST — tle_ops (DEFAULT for type tle)
@ -379,11 +443,17 @@ CREATE INDEX ON satellites USING spgist (elements tle_spgist_ops);
SP-GiST is a 2-level orbital trie (SMA → inclination) with query-time RAAN filter. Returns a conservative superset — survivors need `predict_passes()` for ground truth. SP-GiST is a 2-level orbital trie (SMA → inclination) with query-time RAAN filter. Returns a conservative superset — survivors need `predict_passes()` for ground truth.
### Equatorial distance ### GiST — equatorial_ops (DEFAULT for type equatorial)
```sql
CREATE INDEX ON sky_objects USING gist (position);
```
| Operator | Meaning | Usage | | Operator | Meaning | Usage |
|----------|---------|-------| |----------|---------|-------|
| `<->` (equatorial) | Angular separation in degrees (Vincenty formula) | `ORDER BY pos1 <-> pos2` or `WHERE pos1 <-> pos2 < 5.0` | | `<->` (equatorial) | Angular separation in degrees (Vincenty formula), GiST-indexed KNN | `ORDER BY position <-> target LIMIT 10` or `WHERE pos1 <-> pos2 < 5.0` |
Supports KNN ordering (`ORDER BY ... <-> ... LIMIT N`) via GiST index scan. Handles RA wraparound at 0h/24h boundary.
## Common Query Patterns ## Common Query Patterns
@ -555,6 +625,34 @@ SELECT eq_within_cone(
FROM star_catalog; FROM star_catalog;
``` ```
### Rise and set times
```sql
-- When does the Sun next rise and set?
SELECT sun_next_rise('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, NOW()) AS sunrise,
sun_next_set('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, NOW()) AS sunset;
-- Refracted sunrise (accounts for atmospheric refraction + solar semidiameter)
SELECT sun_next_rise_refracted('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, NOW()) AS sunrise_refracted;
-- Check if body is circumpolar at high latitude
SELECT sun_rise_set_status('70.0N 25.0E'::observer, '2024-06-21'::timestamptz);
-- Returns: 'circumpolar' (midnight sun)
```
### Constellation identification
```sql
-- What constellation is Jupiter in right now?
SELECT constellation(planet_equatorial(5, NOW())) AS jupiter_constellation;
-- Full constellation name
SELECT constellation_full_name(constellation(planet_equatorial(5, NOW())));
-- From raw RA/Dec coordinates
SELECT constellation(6.75, -16.72) AS sirius_constellation; -- 'CMa'
```
## Error Handling ## Error Handling
### _safe() variants ### _safe() variants

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# pg_orrery # pg_orrery
> Celestial mechanics types and functions for PostgreSQL. Native C extension with 114 SQL functions, 9 custom types, GiST/SP-GiST indexing. Covers satellites (SGP4/SDP4), planets (VSOP87), Moon (ELP2000-82B), 19 planetary moons, stars (with proper motion), comets, asteroids (MPC catalog), Jupiter radio bursts, orbit determination, interplanetary Lambert transfers, equatorial RA/Dec coordinates, atmospheric refraction, light-time correction, annual stellar aberration, and equatorial angular separation. Optional JPL DE440/441 ephemeris for sub-arcsecond accuracy. > Celestial mechanics types and functions for PostgreSQL. Native C extension with 151 SQL objects (135 user-visible functions + 16 GiST support), 9 custom types, GiST/SP-GiST indexing. Covers satellites (SGP4/SDP4), planets (VSOP87), Moon (ELP2000-82B), 19 planetary moons, stars (with proper motion), comets, asteroids (MPC catalog), Jupiter radio bursts, orbit determination, interplanetary Lambert transfers, equatorial RA/Dec coordinates, atmospheric refraction, light-time correction, annual stellar aberration, equatorial angular separation, rise/set prediction (geometric + refracted), constellation identification, and nutation. Optional JPL DE440/441 ephemeris for sub-arcsecond accuracy.
- [Source code](https://git.supported.systems/warehack.ing/pg_orrery) - [Source code](https://git.supported.systems/warehack.ing/pg_orrery)
- [Full LLM reference](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/llms-full.txt): All function signatures, types, body IDs, operators, and query patterns inline - [Full LLM reference](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/llms-full.txt): All function signatures, types, body IDs, operators, and query patterns inline
@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
- [Functions: Transfers](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-transfers/): Lambert transfer solver for interplanetary trajectory design - [Functions: Transfers](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-transfers/): Lambert transfer solver for interplanetary trajectory design
- [Functions: Refraction](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-refraction/): Bennett (1982) atmospheric refraction, P/T correction, apparent elevation, refracted pass prediction - [Functions: Refraction](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-refraction/): Bennett (1982) atmospheric refraction, P/T correction, apparent elevation, refracted pass prediction
- [Functions: Equatorial Spatial](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-equatorial/): Angular separation (Vincenty formula), cone search, `<->` operator on equatorial type - [Functions: Equatorial Spatial](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-equatorial/): Angular separation (Vincenty formula), cone search, `<->` operator on equatorial type
- [Functions: Rise/Set & Constellation](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-rise-set/): Rise/set prediction (geometric + refracted), status diagnostics, IAU constellation identification
- [Functions: DE Ephemeris](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-de/): Optional JPL DE440/441 variants of observation, equatorial, and apparent functions - [Functions: DE Ephemeris](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-de/): Optional JPL DE440/441 variants of observation, equatorial, and apparent functions
- [Functions: Orbit Determination](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-od/): TLE fitting from ECI, topocentric, and angles-only observations - [Functions: Orbit Determination](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/functions-od/): TLE fitting from ECI, topocentric, and angles-only observations
- [Operators & Indexes](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/operators-gist/): GiST (&&, <->) and SP-GiST (&?) operator classes for orbital indexing - [Operators & Indexes](https://pg-orrery.warehack.ing/reference/operators-gist/): GiST (&&, <->) and SP-GiST (&?) operator classes for orbital indexing

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---
title: "Functions: Rise/Set & Constellations"
sidebar:
order: 8
---
import { Aside, Tabs, TabItem } from "@astrojs/starlight/components";
Functions for predicting when celestial bodies rise and set, and for identifying which constellation a sky coordinate falls in. Rise/set prediction uses bisection search on elevation with a 7-day search window. Constellation identification uses the Roman (1987) boundary table (CDS VI/42, 357 segments), precessing input coordinates to B1875.0 internally.
<Aside type="tip">
Rise/set functions return NULL for circumpolar bodies and bodies that never rise. Use the corresponding `_rise_set_status()` function to distinguish between these cases.
</Aside>
---
## sun_next_rise
Returns the next geometric sunrise after the given time. The geometric horizon is 0 degrees --- no refraction or semidiameter correction.
### Signature
```sql
sun_next_rise(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next sunrise, or NULL if the Sun does not rise within 7 days (circumpolar or never-rises).
### Example
```sql
-- Next sunrise from Boise
SELECT sun_next_rise('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now());
```
---
## sun_next_set
Returns the next geometric sunset after the given time.
### Signature
```sql
sun_next_set(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next sunset, or NULL if the Sun does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- How long until sunset?
SELECT sun_next_set('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now()) - now() AS time_until_sunset;
```
---
## moon_next_rise
Returns the next geometric moonrise after the given time.
### Signature
```sql
moon_next_rise(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next moonrise, or NULL if the Moon does not rise within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- Next moonrise
SELECT moon_next_rise('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, now());
```
---
## moon_next_set
Returns the next geometric moonset after the given time.
### Signature
```sql
moon_next_set(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next moonset, or NULL if the Moon does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- Moon visibility window
SELECT moon_next_rise('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, now()) AS moonrise,
moon_next_set('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, now()) AS moonset;
```
---
## planet_next_rise
Returns the next geometric rise time for a planet after the given time.
### Signature
```sql
planet_next_rise(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `body_id` | `int4` | Planet identifier: 1=Mercury, 2=Venus, 4=Mars, 5=Jupiter, 6=Saturn, 7=Uranus, 8=Neptune |
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next rise, or NULL if the planet does not rise within 7 days. Raises an error for invalid `body_id` (0=Sun, 3=Earth, 10=Moon have dedicated functions).
### Example
```sql
-- When does Jupiter rise tonight?
SELECT planet_next_rise(5, '43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now());
```
---
## planet_next_set
Returns the next geometric set time for a planet after the given time.
### Signature
```sql
planet_next_set(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `body_id` | `int4` | Planet identifier: 1=Mercury, 2=Venus, 4=Mars, 5=Jupiter, 6=Saturn, 7=Uranus, 8=Neptune |
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next set, or NULL if the planet does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- Venus visibility window
SELECT planet_next_rise(2, '43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now()) AS venus_rise,
planet_next_set(2, '43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now()) AS venus_set;
```
---
## sun_next_rise_refracted
Returns the next refracted sunrise after the given time. The threshold is -0.833 degrees geometric elevation, accounting for atmospheric refraction (0.569 deg) and the Sun's semidiameter (0.266 deg). Refracted sunrise is earlier than geometric sunrise.
### Signature
```sql
sun_next_rise_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted sunrise, or NULL if the Sun does not rise within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- Refracted vs geometric sunrise difference
SELECT sun_next_rise_refracted(obs, t) AS refracted,
sun_next_rise(obs, t) AS geometric
FROM (VALUES ('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, '2024-01-15 00:00:00+00'::timestamptz)) AS v(obs, t);
```
---
## sun_next_set_refracted
Returns the next refracted sunset after the given time. Uses the same -0.833 degree threshold. Refracted sunset is later than geometric sunset.
### Signature
```sql
sun_next_set_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted sunset, or NULL if the Sun does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- How much longer is the refracted day?
SELECT sun_next_set_refracted(obs, t) - sun_next_rise_refracted(obs, t) AS refracted_day,
sun_next_set(obs, t) - sun_next_rise(obs, t) AS geometric_day
FROM (VALUES ('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, '2024-03-20 00:00:00+00'::timestamptz)) AS v(obs, t);
```
---
## moon_next_rise_refracted
Returns the next refracted moonrise after the given time. Uses the -0.833 degree threshold (refraction + semidiameter).
### Signature
```sql
moon_next_rise_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted moonrise, or NULL if the Moon does not rise within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
SELECT moon_next_rise_refracted('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, now());
```
---
## moon_next_set_refracted
Returns the next refracted moonset after the given time. Uses the -0.833 degree threshold.
### Signature
```sql
moon_next_set_refracted(obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted moonset, or NULL if the Moon does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
SELECT moon_next_set_refracted('40.0N 105.3W 1655m'::observer, now());
```
---
## planet_next_rise_refracted
Returns the next refracted rise time for a planet after the given time. The threshold is -0.569 degrees geometric elevation, accounting for atmospheric refraction only (planets are point sources).
### Signature
```sql
planet_next_rise_refracted(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `body_id` | `int4` | Planet identifier: 1=Mercury, 2=Venus, 4=Mars, 5=Jupiter, 6=Saturn, 7=Uranus, 8=Neptune |
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted rise, or NULL if the planet does not rise within 7 days.
<Aside type="note">
Sun and Moon use a -0.833 degree threshold (refraction + semidiameter). Planets use -0.569 degrees (refraction only --- even Jupiter at opposition is only 24 arcseconds).
</Aside>
### Example
```sql
-- Refracted vs geometric rise for Saturn
SELECT planet_next_rise_refracted(6, obs, t) AS refracted,
planet_next_rise(6, obs, t) AS geometric
FROM (VALUES ('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now())) AS v(obs, t);
```
---
## planet_next_set_refracted
Returns the next refracted set time for a planet after the given time. Uses the -0.569 degree threshold.
### Signature
```sql
planet_next_set_refracted(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → timestamptz
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `body_id` | `int4` | Planet identifier: 1=Mercury, 2=Venus, 4=Mars, 5=Jupiter, 6=Saturn, 7=Uranus, 8=Neptune |
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Search start time |
### Returns
The `timestamptz` of the next refracted set, or NULL if the planet does not set within 7 days.
### Example
```sql
-- Mars visibility tonight (refracted)
SELECT planet_next_rise_refracted(4, obs, t) AS mars_rise,
planet_next_set_refracted(4, obs, t) AS mars_set
FROM (VALUES ('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now())) AS v(obs, t);
```
---
## sun_rise_set_status
Reports whether the Sun rises and sets, is circumpolar, or never rises at the given location and time. Samples elevation at 48 points across 24 hours.
### Signature
```sql
sun_rise_set_status(obs observer, t timestamptz) → text
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Reference time (defines the 24h sampling window) |
### Returns
One of three text values: `'rises_and_sets'`, `'circumpolar'`, or `'never_rises'`.
### Example
```sql
-- Why doesn't the Sun set? (Arctic summer)
SELECT sun_rise_set_status('70N 25E 0m'::observer, '2024-06-21 00:00:00+00'::timestamptz);
-- → 'circumpolar'
-- Normal mid-latitude behavior
SELECT sun_rise_set_status('43.7N 116.4W 800m'::observer, now());
-- → 'rises_and_sets'
```
---
## moon_rise_set_status
Reports whether the Moon rises and sets, is circumpolar, or never rises at the given location and time.
### Signature
```sql
moon_rise_set_status(obs observer, t timestamptz) → text
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Reference time |
### Returns
One of three text values: `'rises_and_sets'`, `'circumpolar'`, or `'never_rises'`.
### Example
```sql
-- Check Moon status before querying rise/set
SELECT moon_rise_set_status('80N 0E 0m'::observer, now()) AS status,
moon_next_rise('80N 0E 0m'::observer, now()) AS next_rise;
```
---
## planet_rise_set_status
Reports whether a planet rises and sets, is circumpolar, or never rises at the given location and time.
### Signature
```sql
planet_rise_set_status(body_id int4, obs observer, t timestamptz) → text
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `body_id` | `int4` | Planet identifier: 1=Mercury, 2=Venus, 4=Mars, 5=Jupiter, 6=Saturn, 7=Uranus, 8=Neptune |
| `obs` | `observer` | Observer location |
| `t` | `timestamptz` | Reference time |
### Returns
One of three text values: `'rises_and_sets'`, `'circumpolar'`, or `'never_rises'`.
### Example
```sql
-- Check all planets' status from a high-latitude site
SELECT body_id, name,
planet_rise_set_status(body_id, '65N 18W 0m'::observer, now()) AS status
FROM (VALUES (1,'Mercury'),(2,'Venus'),(4,'Mars'),(5,'Jupiter'),
(6,'Saturn'),(7,'Uranus'),(8,'Neptune')) AS p(body_id, name);
```
---
## constellation
Returns the 3-letter IAU constellation abbreviation for a sky position. Uses the Roman (1987) boundary table (CDS VI/42) with 357 boundary segments. Input coordinates are precessed from J2000 to B1875.0 internally to match the boundary epoch.
### Signature
```sql
constellation(eq equatorial) → text
constellation(ra_hours float8, dec_deg float8) → text
```
### Parameters
**Overload 1 --- from equatorial type:**
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `eq` | `equatorial` | Equatorial sky position (RA in hours, Dec in degrees) |
**Overload 2 --- from explicit coordinates:**
| Parameter | Type | Unit | Description |
|-----------|------|------|-------------|
| `ra_hours` | `float8` | hours | Right ascension in J2000, range [0, 24) |
| `dec_deg` | `float8` | degrees | Declination in J2000, range [-90, 90] |
### Returns
A 3-letter IAU constellation abbreviation (e.g., `'Ori'`, `'UMa'`, `'Sgr'`). There are 88 possible values, one for every IAU constellation.
### Example
```sql
-- What constellation is Jupiter in?
SELECT constellation(planet_equatorial(5, now()));
-- → 'Ari'
-- Polaris
SELECT constellation(2.5303, 89.2641);
-- → 'UMi'
-- Orion's belt star Alnitak
SELECT constellation(5.679, -1.943);
-- → 'Ori'
```
---
## constellation_full_name
Converts a 3-letter IAU constellation abbreviation to its full IAU name.
### Signature
```sql
constellation_full_name(abbr text) → text
```
### Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| `abbr` | `text` | 3-letter IAU abbreviation (e.g., `'Ori'`, `'UMa'`) |
### Returns
The full IAU constellation name (e.g., `'Orion'`, `'Ursa Major'`), or NULL if the abbreviation is not recognized.
### Example
```sql
-- Full name for display
SELECT constellation_full_name(constellation(planet_equatorial(5, now())));
-- → 'Aries'
-- All 88 constellations (abbreviated sample)
SELECT constellation_full_name('Ori') AS orion,
constellation_full_name('UMa') AS ursa_major,
constellation_full_name('Sgr') AS sagittarius,
constellation_full_name('Crx') AS invalid;
-- → 'Orion', 'Ursa Major', 'Sagittarius', NULL
```
```sql
-- What constellation is each planet in right now?
SELECT name,
constellation(planet_equatorial(body_id, now())) AS abbr,
constellation_full_name(constellation(planet_equatorial(body_id, now()))) AS constellation
FROM (VALUES (1,'Mercury'),(2,'Venus'),(4,'Mars'),(5,'Jupiter'),
(6,'Saturn'),(7,'Uranus'),(8,'Neptune')) AS p(body_id, name);
```