Timing is on.
       regime       |   n   | pct  
--------------------+-------+------
 LEO (<2000km)      | 13587 | 94.5
 GEO/HEO (>34000km) |   588 |  4.1
 MEO (2000-20000km) |   111 |  0.8
 GEO-transfer       |    90 |  0.6
(4 rows)

Time: 7.139 ms
--- CREATE SP-GiST INDEX ---
CREATE INDEX
Time: 12.351 ms
 spgist_size 
-------------
 2424 kB
(1 row)

Time: 1.388 ms
--- BENCHMARK 1: 2h window, Eagle Idaho, 10 deg min_el ---
SET
Time: 0.035 ms
SET
Time: 0.021 ms
Sequential scan:
                                                          QUERY PLAN                                                          
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Aggregate  (cost=470.74..470.75 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=2.706..2.707 rows=1.00 loops=1)
   Buffers: shared hit=291
   ->  Seq Scan on bench_catalog  (cost=0.00..470.70 rows=14 width=0) (actual time=0.015..2.649 rows=2261.00 loops=1)
         Filter: ('("43.6977N 116.3535W 760m","2026-02-16 19:00:00-07","2026-02-16 21:00:00-07",10)'::observer_window &? tle)
         Rows Removed by Filter: 12115
         Buffers: shared hit=291
 Planning:
   Buffers: shared hit=8
 Planning Time: 0.093 ms
 Execution Time: 2.725 ms
(10 rows)

Time: 3.621 ms
RESET
Time: 0.028 ms
RESET
Time: 0.009 ms
SET
Time: 0.012 ms
SP-GiST index scan:
                                                               QUERY PLAN                                                                
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Aggregate  (cost=1754.89..1754.90 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=3.896..3.897 rows=1.00 loops=1)
   Buffers: shared hit=1161
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on bench_catalog  (cost=1284.16..1754.86 rows=14 width=0) (actual time=0.957..3.833 rows=2261.00 loops=1)
         Filter: ('("43.6977N 116.3535W 760m","2026-02-16 19:00:00-07","2026-02-16 21:00:00-07",10)'::observer_window &? tle)
         Rows Removed by Filter: 12115
         Heap Blocks: exact=291
         Buffers: shared hit=1161
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on bench_spgist  (cost=0.00..1284.16 rows=14376 width=0) (actual time=0.925..0.925 rows=14376.00 loops=1)
               Index Searches: 1
               Buffers: shared hit=870
 Planning Time: 0.050 ms
 Execution Time: 3.936 ms
(12 rows)

Time: 4.150 ms
RESET
Time: 0.038 ms
--- BENCHMARK 2: 24h window, Eagle Idaho, 10 deg min_el ---
SET
Time: 0.016 ms
SET
Time: 0.009 ms
Sequential scan:
 seqscan_24h 
-------------
       13562
(1 row)

Time: 2.867 ms
RESET
Time: 0.023 ms
RESET
Time: 0.008 ms
SET
Time: 0.011 ms
SP-GiST index scan:
 spgist_24h 
------------
      13562
(1 row)

Time: 3.832 ms
RESET
Time: 0.025 ms
--- BENCHMARK 3: 2h window, Equator, 10 deg min_el ---
SET
Time: 0.011 ms
SET
Time: 0.008 ms
Sequential scan:
 seqscan_equator 
-----------------
            2073
(1 row)

Time: 2.564 ms
RESET
Time: 0.011 ms
RESET
Time: 0.007 ms
SET
Time: 0.008 ms
SP-GiST index scan:
 spgist_equator 
----------------
           2073
(1 row)

Time: 3.566 ms
RESET
Time: 0.020 ms
--- BENCHMARK 4: 2h window, Eagle Idaho, 45 deg min_el ---
SET
Time: 0.010 ms
SET
Time: 0.006 ms
Sequential scan:
 seqscan_45deg 
---------------
          1407
(1 row)

Time: 2.510 ms
RESET
Time: 0.021 ms
RESET
Time: 0.007 ms
SET
Time: 0.008 ms
SP-GiST index scan:
 spgist_45deg 
--------------
         1407
(1 row)

Time: 3.591 ms
RESET
Time: 0.014 ms
--- CONSISTENCY CHECK ---
SET
Time: 0.017 ms
SET
Time: 0.009 ms
SELECT 2261
Time: 4.578 ms
RESET
Time: 0.023 ms
RESET
Time: 0.008 ms
SET
Time: 0.010 ms
SELECT 2261
Time: 3.583 ms
RESET
Time: 0.022 ms
 in_seq_not_idx 
----------------
              0
(1 row)

Time: 0.586 ms
 in_idx_not_seq 
----------------
              0
(1 row)

Time: 0.280 ms
DROP TABLE
Time: 0.951 ms
--- PRUNING SUMMARY ---
     scenario     | catalog_size | candidates | candidate_pct | pruning_pct 
------------------+--------------+------------+---------------+-------------
 2h/Eagle/10deg   |        14376 |       2261 |          15.7 |        84.3
 2h/Eagle/45deg   |        14376 |       1407 |           9.8 |        90.2
 2h/Equator/10deg |        14376 |       2073 |          14.4 |        85.6
 24h/Eagle/10deg  |        14376 |      13562 |          94.3 |         5.7
(4 rows)

Time: 9.346 ms
DROP INDEX
Time: 1.176 ms
DROP TABLE
Time: 1.725 ms
Timing is off.