Ryan Malloy
4ed92efd69
Cospas-Sarsat specification summaries moved to reference/ for internal use only. Links updated to point to official cospas-sarsat.int site. The extracted images remain in public/ for use in other pages.
2134 lines
54 KiB
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2134 lines
54 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "T015: T15OCT06Final with MJs modifications"
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description: "Official Cospas-Sarsat T-series document T015"
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sidebar:
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badge:
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text: "T"
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variant: "note"
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# Extended Cospas-Sarsat metadata
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documentId: "T015"
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series: "T"
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seriesName: "Technical"
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documentType: "specification"
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isLatest: true
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issue: 1
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revision: 1
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documentDate: "November 2007"
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originalTitle: "T15OCT06Final with MJs modifications"
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---
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> **📋 Document Information**
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>
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> **Series:** T-Series (Technical)
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> **Version:** Issue 1 - Revision 1
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> **Date:** November 2007
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> **Source:** [Cospas-Sarsat Official Documents](https://www.cospas-sarsat.int/en/documents-pro/system-documents)
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---
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COSPAS-SARSAT SPECIFICATION AND TYPE
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APPROVAL STANDARD FOR 406 MHz SHIP
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SECURITY ALERT (SSAS) BEACONS
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C/S T.015
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Issue 1 - Revision 1
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COSPAS-SARSAT SPECIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL STANDARD FOR
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406 MHz SHIP SECURITY (SSAS) BEACONS
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History
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Issue
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Revision
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Date
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Comments
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Approved (CSC-37)
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Approved (CSC-39)
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LIST OF PAGES
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Page # Date of
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Revision
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Nov 2007
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Nov 2007
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Oct 2006
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Oct 2006
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Oct 2006
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Oct 2006
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1-1
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Oct 2006
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1-2
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Oct 2006
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2-1
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Oct 2006
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2-2
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Nov 2007
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3-1
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Nov 2007
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3-2
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Nov 2007
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3-3
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Nov 2007
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3-4
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Nov 2007
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A-1
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Nov 2007
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A-2
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Nov 2007
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A-3
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Oct 2006
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A-4
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Oct 2006
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B-1
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Oct 2006
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B-2
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Nov 2007
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B-3
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Oct 2006
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B-4
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Nov 2007
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B-5
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Nov 2007
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B-6
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Nov 2007
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B-7
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Oct 2006
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B-8
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Oct 2006
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B-9
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Oct 2006
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B-10
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Nov 2007
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B-11
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Oct 2006
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B-12
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Oct 2006
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Page # Date of
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Revision
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C-1
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Oct 2006
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C-2
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Oct 2006
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D-1
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Nov 2007
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D-2
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Oct 2006
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D-3
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Oct 2006
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D-4
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Nov 2007
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D-5
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Oct 2006
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D-A-1 Oct 2006
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D-B-1 Nov 2007
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D-B-2 Nov 2007
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D-C-1 Oct 2006
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D-C-2 Oct 2006
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D-D-1 Oct 2006
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D-D-2 Oct 2006
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Page # Date of
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Revision
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Page # Date of
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Revision
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T15OCT06
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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Document History.......................................................................................................................i
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List of Pages...............................................................................................................................ii
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Table of Contents......................................................................................................................iii
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List of Annexes.........................................................................................................................iv
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List of Tables ............................................................................................................................iv
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List of Figures ............................................................................................................................v
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1.
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Introduction.............................................................................................................1-1
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1.1
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Purpose .......................................................................................................1-1
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1.2
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Background.................................................................................................1-1
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1.3
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Reference Documents.................................................................................1-2
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2.
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Specification for Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz SSAS Beacon....................................2-1
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2.1
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Message Content.........................................................................................2-1
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2.2
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Transmitter Power Output ..........................................................................2-1
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2.3
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Antenna Characteristics..............................................................................2-1
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2.4
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Encoded Position Data................................................................................2-2
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2.4.1
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Internal Navigation Device Performance ...................................................2-2
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2.4.2
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External Navigation Device Performance ..................................................2-2
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2.5
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Auxiliary Radio-Locating Device...............................................................2-2
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2.6
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Compatibility with GEOSAR System ........................................................2-2
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3.
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406 MHz SSAS Beacon Type Approval Requirements.......................................3-1
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3.1
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Policy..........................................................................................................3-1
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3.2
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Technical Data............................................................................................3-1
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3.3
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Scope of Testing of SSAS Beacons Based on a New Design ....................3-1
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3.4
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Scope of Testing of SSAS Beacons Based on Type Approved
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406 MHz Distress Beacon ..................................................................3-2
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3.5
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SSAS Beacon Satellite Qualitative Test.....................................................3-2
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3.6
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Beacon Coding Software............................................................................3-2
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3.7
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Alternative Power Source...........................................................................3-3
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T15OCT06
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LIST OF ANNEXES
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Annex A:
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Application for a Cospas-Sarsat Type Approval Certificate
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for a 406 MHz SSAS Beacon .........................................................................A-1
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Annex B:
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Antenna Characteristic Test Procedure and Reporting Requirements........... B-1
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Annex C:
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Type Approval Requirements for Beacons Based on Design
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of a Type Approved 406 MHz Distress Beacon ........................................... C-1
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Annex D:
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Beacon Type Approval Test Results.............................................................. D-1
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LIST OF TABLES
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Table B.1: Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (dBm) / Antenna Gain (dBi) ..... B-10
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Table B.2: Induced Voltage Measurements Vv / Vh (dBμV) ...................................... B-11
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Table D.1: Overall Summary of 406 MHz Beacon Test Results.................................... D-1
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Table D-A.1: LEOSAR Results...................................................................................... D-A-1
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Table D-A.2: GEOSAR Results ..................................................................................... D-A-1
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Table D-B.1: Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (dBm) / Antenna Gain (dBi) .... D-B-1
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Table D-B.2: Induced Voltage Measurements Vv / Vh (dBμV) ...................................... D-B-2
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Table D-C.1: Position Data Encoding Results................................................................. D-C-1
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Table D-C.2: Position Acquisition Time and Position Accuracy
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(Internal Navigation Devices).................................................................... D-C-2
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Table D-C.3: Position Acquisition Time and Position Accuracy
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(External Navigation Devices)................................................................... D-C-2
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Table D-D.1: Examples of Ship Security Alert Beacon Messages................................. D-D-1
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T15OCT06
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LIST OF FIGURES
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Figure B.1: Test Site Plan View........................................................................................ B-8
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Figure B.2: Test Configuration for Antenna Mounted Directly on Large Ground Plane . B-8
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Figure B.3:
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Additional Test Configuration for all Devices that Might be Required to
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Operate Without a Ground Plane........................................................................ B-9
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Figure B.4: Test Site Plan View with RAM Material....................................................... B-9
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T15OCT06
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page left blank
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T15OCT06
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1 - 1
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1.
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INTRODUCTION
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1.1
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Purpose
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This document defines:
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a.
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the minimum requirements to be used for the development and manufacture of
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406 MHz ship security alert system (SSAS) beacons, provided at section 2; and
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b. the policies, procedures and type approval test methods for obtaining Cospas-
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Sarsat type approval of 406 MHz SSAS beacons, provided at section 3.
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1.2
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Background
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As a result of increased concern about maritime security world-wide, the Safety Of Life At
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Sea (SOLAS) Conference in December 2002 adopted amendments to the SOLAS convention
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for a "Ship Security Alert System" (SSAS).
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At the open meeting of the Cospas-Sarsat Thirty-First Session, the Cospas-Sarsat Council
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decided to allow the Cospas-Sarsat System to be used in support of the above mentioned
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SSAS requirement. The Council also decided that to the extent practical the specification and
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type approval requirements for 406 MHz SSAS beacons should be as close as possible to
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those established for 406 MHz distress beacons.
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To the extent practical the specification and type approval requirements defined in this
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document refer to the corresponding requirement in documents C/S T.001 (Cospas-Sarsat
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specification for 406 MHz distress beacons) and C/S T.007 (Cospas-Sarsat type approval
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standard for 406 MHz distress beacons).
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It should be noted that this document does not provide guidance for SSAS beacon
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installation, as this is a matter that falls under the jurisdiction of national administrations.
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Beacon manufacturers are responsible for ensuring that installation guidelines conform to the
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appropriate national regulations, and that installation instructions are provided to SSAS
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beacon installers. Failure to provide a satisfactory beacon and antenna installation may result
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in the ship security alert not being received by the Cospas-Sarsat System.
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T15OCT06
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1 - 2
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1.3
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Reference Documents
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a.
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C/S T.001:
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Specification for Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacons; and
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b. C/S T.007:
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Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacon Type Approval
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Standard.
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- END OF SECTION 1 -
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T15OCT06
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2 - 1
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2.
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SPECIFICATION FOR COSPAS-SARSAT 406 MHz SSAS BEACON
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Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz SSAS beacons shall conform to all specifications defined for
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Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz distress beacons (document C/S T.001) except for the items
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specifically identified otherwise in the paragraphs below.
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2.1
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Message Content
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406 MHz SSAS beacons shall use a long format message, comprising 144 bits, coded as
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follows:
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a) bits 1 to 15:
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bit-synchronisation as defined in document C/S T.001;
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b) bits 16 to 24: frame-synchronisation as defined in document C/S T.001;
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c) bit 25 and 26: set to "10";
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d) bits 27 to 36: country code as defined in document C/S T.001;
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e) bits 37 to 40: set to "1100";
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f)
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bits 41 to 60: the last six digits of the vessel MMSI expressed as a binary
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number;
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g) bits 61 to 64: set to "0000"; and
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h) bits 65 to 144: set as per the Standard Location protocol as defined in
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document C/S T.001.
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2.2
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Transmitter Power Output
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The transmitter power output shall be within the limits of 6W ± 1dB (37 to 39 dBm)
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measured into a 50-Ohm load. This power output shall be maintained during 24-hour
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operation at any temperature throughout the specified operating temperature range. Power
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output rise time shall be less than 5 ms measured between the 10% and 90% power points.
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The power output is assumed to rise linearly from zero and therefore must be zero prior to
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about 0.6 ms before the beginning of the rise time measurement; if it is not zero, the
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maximum acceptable level is -10 dBm.
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2.3
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Antenna Characteristics
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The SSAS beacon antenna shall satisfy the following requirements for elevation angles
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between 5º and 90º:
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2 - 2
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a) polarisation: right hand circular (RHCP) or linear;
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b) RHCP antenna gain: between -3 dBi and 4 dBi over 90% of all measurement
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points;
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c) linear antenna gain: between -5 dBi and 4 dBi (elevation less or equal to
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70 degrees), between –10 dBi and 4 dBi (80 degree elevation only) and between
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-15 dBi and 4 dBi (90 degree elevation only) over 90% of all measurement
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points; and
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d) antenna VSWR: not greater than 1.5:1.
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2.4
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Encoded Position Data
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The SSAS beacon shall provide encoded position data, either from an internal or external
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navigation device. The beacon shall process location data provided by the navigation device
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in accordance with the procedures described in document C/S T.001.
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2.4.1
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Internal Navigation Device Performance
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If the beacon includes an internal navigation device, the navigation device shall
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satisfy the requirements for internal navigation devices provided in document
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C/S T.001. The distance between the position provided by the navigation device at
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the time of position update and the true beacon position shall not exceed 500 metres.
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2.4.2
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External Navigation Device Performance
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If the beacon receives position data from an external navigation device, the beacon
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and the navigation device shall satisfy the requirements for "external navigation
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device input" provided in document C/S T.001.
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If the beacon is designed to accept position data from an external navigation device
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prior to beacon activation, the navigation input shall be provided at intervals not
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longer than 20 minutes.
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2.5
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Auxiliary Radio-Locating Device
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The SSAS beacon shall NOT incorporate an auxiliary radio-locating device (e.g. 121.5 MHz
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or 243 MHz homing devices shall not be included in SSAS beacons).
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2.6
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Compatibility with GEOSAR System
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The SSAS beacon shall provide a transmit signal that enables Cospas-Sarsat GEOLUTs to
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receive, process and provide the complete transmitted beacon message within 10 minutes of
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beacon activation.
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- END OF SECTION 2 -
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3 - 1
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3.
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406 MHz SSAS BEACON TYPE APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS
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3.1
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Policy
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The issuing of performance requirements, carriage regulations, testing and type approval
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requirements for 406 MHz SSAS beacons are responsibilities of national authorities.
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However, to ensure 406 MHz SSAS beacon compatibility with Cospas-Sarsat receiving and
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processing equipment, it is essential that beacons meet specified Cospas-Sarsat performance
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requirements. Compliance with these requirements provides assurance that the tested beacon
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is compatible with, and will not degrade, the Cospas-Sarsat System.
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Cospas-Sarsat type approval procedures and requirements for 406 MHz SSAS beacons are
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identical to the type approval requirements for 406 MHz distress beacons C/S T.007, except
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for the items specifically identified in the paragraphs below.
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3.2
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Technical Data
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The technical data to be submitted to the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat is defined at section 5 of
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document C/S T.007, with the following clarifications and additions:
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a) the application form for a Cospas-Sarsat Type Approval Certificate for a
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406 MHz SSAS beacon is provided at Annex A to this document;
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b) beacon and antenna installation instructions, supplemented with photographs of
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the beacon and antenna installed on a vessel shall be provided;
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c) information from the beacon manufacturer confirming that no homer
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generator/transmitter is present (or has been removed/disabled) and that no
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homer signals will be either generated or radiated by the beacon; and
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d) a summary of the test results shall be provided in the format identified at
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Annex D to this document.
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3.3
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Scope of Testing of SSAS Beacons Based on a New Design
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All SSAS beacon models based on a new design (i.e. not based on the design of 406 MHz
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distress beacon already approved by Cospas-Sarsat) shall be tested to the full scope of
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document C/S T.007, with the exceptions / clarifications noted below:
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a) "thermal shock test" is not required;
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3 - 2
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b) "additional types of protocol" testing is not applicable since beacons only use
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the SSAS beacon message protocol defined at section 2.1 of this document;
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c) satellite qualitative testing and reporting shall be performed in accordance with
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section 3.5 to this document;
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d) beacon antenna testing and reporting shall be performed in accordance with
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Annex B to this document; and
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e) the beacon coding software testing and reporting shall be performed in
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accordance with section 3.6 to this document.
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3.4
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Scope of Testing of SSAS Beacons Based on Type Approved 406 MHz Distress
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Beacon
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If the SSAS beacon design is based on a 406 MHz distress beacon that was previously
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approved by Cospas-Sarsat the guidance provided at Annex C applies.
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3.5
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SSAS Beacon Satellite Qualitative Test
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The SSAS beacon shall undergo the satellite qualitative test described in document
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C/S T.007, supplemented by tests that demonstrate beacon compatibility with the
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Cospas-Sarsat GEOSAR system.
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The GEOSAR portion of the satellite qualitative test is performed by activating the beacon in
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a configuration that simulates the manufacturer installation guidelines. The time from beacon
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activation to when a Cospas-Sarsat GEOLUT provides a complete correct beacon message
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shall be reported.
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3.6
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Beacon Coding Software
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This test can be performed either by an accepted test laboratory or by the manufacturer.
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The beacon coding software test demonstrates the reliability of the processes and procedures
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used by the manufacturer to code beacon messages. The beacon shall be coded with the ship
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security alert protocol, using country code: 201 and a vessel MMSI: 999 999.
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Examples of the following three complete beacon messages shall be provided:
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a) a self-test transmission;
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b) a real transmission with encoded location information; and
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3 - 3
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c) a second real transmission with encoded location information 500 metres from
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the location in b) above.
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The beacon messages shall be obtained by activating the beacon in the appropriate mode (i.e.
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self-test mode or real transmission) and monitoring and demodulating the transmitted signal
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using a receiver external to the beacon.
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The beacon messages shall be reported in hexadecimal format, comprising 36 characters. The
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first six characters representing the bit and frame synchronisation transmitted by the beacon
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in bits 1 through 24.
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3.7
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Alternative Power Source
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SSAS 406 MHz beacons and / or their external components (e.g. remote activation points,
|
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GNSS receiver) might be powered by multiple alternative sources of energy, such as the ship
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main AC power and the beacon battery. Each shall be considered a different mode of beacon
|
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operation, and shall be tested as follows.
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The beacon shall undergo complete testing in the battery mode.
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The beacon shall undergo the following tests in the AC mode:
|
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a) power output test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 1);
|
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b) digital message test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 2);
|
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c) digital message generator test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 3);
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d) modulation test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 4);
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e) 406 MHz transmitted frequency test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 5);
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f)
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spurious emissions test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 6);
|
||
g) 406 MHz VSWR check (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 7);
|
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h) temperature gradient test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 11); and
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i)
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satellite qualitative tests (as per section 3.5 of this document).
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||
- END OF SECTION 3 -
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3 - 4
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page left blank
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||
|
||
ANNEXES TO THE COSPAS-SARSAT SPECIFICATION
|
||
AND TYPE APPROVAL STANDARD FOR 406 MHz SHIP
|
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SECURITY ALERT (SSAS) BEACONS
|
||
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A - 1
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ANNEX A
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APPLICATION FOR A COSPAS-SARSAT TYPE APPROVAL CERTIFICATE
|
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FOR A 406 MHz SSAS BEACON
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A.1
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INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE BEACON MANUFACTURER
|
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Beacon Manufacturer and Beacon Model
|
||
Beacon Manufacturer
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||
Beacon Model
|
||
Beacon Characteristics
|
||
Characteristic
|
||
Specification
|
||
Operating temperature range
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Tmin =
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Tmax=
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Operating lifetime
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hours
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Power source ( beacon battery, ship main AC power, combined
|
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power source or other – please indicate)
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Battery chemistry
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Battery cell size and number of cells
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Battery manufacturer
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||
Battery pack manufacturer and part number
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||
Oscillator type (e.g. OCXO, MCXO, TCXO)
|
||
Oscillator manufacturer
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||
Oscillator part name and number
|
||
Oscillator satisfies long-term frequency stability requirements
|
||
(Yes or No)
|
||
Antenna type (Integrated or External)
|
||
Antenna manufacturer
|
||
Antenna part name and number
|
||
|
||
A - 2
|
||
|
||
Characteristic
|
||
Specification
|
||
Navigation device type (Internal, External or None)
|
||
Features in beacon that prevent degradation to 406 MHz signal or
|
||
beacon lifetime resulting from a failure of navigation device or
|
||
failure to acquire position data (Yes, No, or N/A)
|
||
Features in beacon that ensures erroneous position data is not
|
||
encoded into the beacon message (Yes, No or N/A)
|
||
Navigation device capable of supporting global coverage
|
||
(Yes, No or N/A)
|
||
For Internal Navigation Devices
|
||
- Geodetic reference system
|
||
- GNSS receiver cold start forced at every beacon activation
|
||
(Yes or No)
|
||
- Navigation device manufacturer
|
||
- Navigation device model name and part Number
|
||
- GNSS system supported (e.g. GPS, GLONASS, Galileo)
|
||
For External Navigation Devices
|
||
- Data protocol for GNSS receiver to beacon interface
|
||
- Physical interface for beacon to navigation device
|
||
- Electrical interface for beacon to navigation device
|
||
- Navigation device model and manufacturer (if beacon
|
||
designed to use specific devices)
|
||
Self-Test Mode Characteristics
|
||
- Self-test has separate switch position (Yes or No)
|
||
- Self-test switch automatically returns to normal position
|
||
when released (Yes or No)
|
||
- Self-test activation can cause an operational mode
|
||
transmission (Yes or No)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
A - 3
|
||
|
||
Characteristic
|
||
Specification
|
||
- Self-test causes a single beacon self-test message burst only
|
||
regardless of how long the self-test activation mechanism
|
||
applied (Yes or No)
|
||
- Results of self-test indicated by (e.g. Pass / Fail Indicator
|
||
Light, Strobe Light, etc.)
|
||
- Self-test can be activated from beacon remote activation
|
||
points (Yes or No)
|
||
- Self-test performs an internal check and indicates that RF
|
||
power is emitted at 406 MHz (Yes or No)
|
||
- Self-test transmits a signal(s) other than at 406 MHz
|
||
(Yes & details or No)
|
||
- Self-test can be activated directly at beacon (Yes or No)
|
||
- List of Items checked by self-test
|
||
- Self-test transmission burst duration (440 or 520 ms)
|
||
- Self-test format bit ("0" or "1")
|
||
Beacon includes a homer transmitter (Yes or No)
|
||
Beacon transmission repetition period satisfies C/S T.001
|
||
requirement that two beacon's repetition periods are not
|
||
synchronised closer than a few seconds over 5 minute period, and
|
||
the time intervals between transmissions are randomly distributed
|
||
on the interval 47.5 to 52.5 seconds (Yes or No)
|
||
Does the beacon provide any features in addition to SSAS
|
||
406 MHz transmissions? If so identify.
|
||
Dated:.......................
|
||
Signed:....................................................................................................................................
|
||
(Name, Position and Signature of Beacon Manufacturer Representative)
|
||
(Continued on Next Page)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
A - 4
|
||
|
||
A.2
|
||
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE COSPAS-SARSAT ACCEPTED TEST
|
||
FACILITY
|
||
Name and Location of Beacon Test Facility:
|
||
Date of Submission for Testing:
|
||
Applicable C/S Standards:
|
||
Document
|
||
Issue
|
||
Revision
|
||
C/S T.0011
|
||
C/S T.0071
|
||
C/S T.015
|
||
I hereby confirm that the 406 MHz beacon described above has been successfully tested in accordance with the
|
||
Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Beacon Type Approval Standard (C/S T.007) and complies with the Specification for
|
||
Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacons (C/S T.001), as amended by the Cospas-Sarsat Specification and Type
|
||
Approval Standard for 406 MHz Ship Security Alert Beacons (C/S T.015), and demonstrated in the attached
|
||
report.2
|
||
Dated:.........................
|
||
Signed:....................................................................................................................................
|
||
(Name, Position and Signature of Beacon Manufacturer Representative)
|
||
- END OF ANNEX A -
|
||
|
||
For requirements that are defined in documents C/S T.001 and C/S T.007 by reference, identify the issue and
|
||
revision of documents C/S T.001 and C/S T.007 that were applied.
|
||
|
||
If the test results do not support full compliance to the above standards, the test laboratory shall modify this
|
||
statement to identify discrepancies. A complete explanation of such discrepancies should be provided in the
|
||
test report and the report references identified in this statement.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 1
|
||
|
||
ANNEX B
|
||
ANTENNA CHARACTERISTIC TEST PROCEDURE AND REPORTING
|
||
REQUIREMENTS
|
||
B.1
|
||
SCOPE
|
||
B.1.1
|
||
This Annex describes the measurement procedure to verify the antenna characteristics
|
||
of 406 MHz SSAS beacons defined in document C/S T.015, and the associated
|
||
reporting requirements. The beacon antenna characteristics are determined by
|
||
measuring the beacon Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) performance
|
||
throughout its specified coverage region. Alternative procedures including the use of a
|
||
shielded anechoic room are acceptable if they provide equivalent information, provided
|
||
they have minimal impact on Cospas-Sarsat operations.
|
||
B.1.2
|
||
This antenna test requires data to be measured at 77 antenna positions. If the antenna
|
||
can be set to its new position during the 50-second interval between beacon
|
||
transmissions, the entire test could be performed in about 2.5 hours (1.25 hour for each
|
||
polarization), thereby minimizing the impact on the Cospas-Sarsat System if tests are
|
||
performed outside.
|
||
B.2
|
||
GENERAL TEST CONFIGURATION
|
||
B.2.1
|
||
The antenna characteristics of the Beacon Under Test (BUT) shall be measured in an
|
||
open field test site or a shielded anechoic room. The BUT shall be tested on ground
|
||
plane configurations that simulate manufacturer authorised installations and conditions
|
||
in which the beacon might be expected to operate, including:
|
||
-
|
||
a configuration that shall be used for beacons that use antennas mounted directly
|
||
on a flat reflective horizontal surface that extend a minimum of one metre from
|
||
the antenna in all directions (Figure B.1 and B.2); and
|
||
-
|
||
a configuration that shall be used for beacons that do not require a ground plane
|
||
or whose ground plane is part of the beacon or antenna (Figure B.3 and B.4).
|
||
If the beacon is intended to support both installations, then antenna testing in both
|
||
configurations shall be conducted. The applicable ground plane configurations, as
|
||
described above, will be decided by the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat on the basis of
|
||
technical considerations relevant to the manufacturer antenna description and
|
||
installation guidelines.
|
||
B.2.2
|
||
A measuring antenna located at a distance a minimum of 3 metres from the BUT shall
|
||
be used to measure the emitted field strength. The test facility shall move the
|
||
measuring antenna as required to evaluate the 77 different antenna positions (ideally
|
||
the measuring antenna shall be raised vertically for measurements between 10 degrees
|
||
and 50 degrees and shall then be moved horizontally towards the BUT to make the
|
||
60 degrees to 90 degrees measurements). The BUT shall be equipped with a fresh
|
||
battery and the test performed at ambient temperature.
|
||
|
||
B - 2
|
||
|
||
B.2.3
|
||
Prior to each open field test site transmission, the appropriate national authorities
|
||
responsible for Cospas-Sarsat and radio emissions shall be notified.
|
||
In order to keep the potential disturbance to the Cospas-Sarsat System to a minimum,
|
||
antenna tests shall be conducted using a beacon operating at its nominal repetition rate
|
||
and coded with a long message test protocol. Transmission of any continuous
|
||
wave (CW) signal from a signal generator in the 406.0 - 406.1 MHz band is strictly
|
||
forbidden.
|
||
B.3
|
||
TEST SITE
|
||
B.3.1
|
||
The test site shall be an area clear of any obstruction such as trees, bushes or metal
|
||
fences within an elliptical boundary of dimensions shown in Figure B.1. Objects
|
||
outside this boundary may still affect the measurements and care shall be taken to
|
||
choose a site as far as possible from large objects or metallic objects of any sort.
|
||
B.3.2
|
||
The terrain at an outdoor test site shall be flat. Any conducting object inside the area
|
||
of the ellipse shall be limited to dimensions less than 7 cm. A metal ground plane or
|
||
wire mesh enclosing at least the area of the ellipse and keeping the same major and
|
||
minor axis as indicated in Figure B.1 is required. This ground is referred to as
|
||
"Ground Plane A" in figures B.2 and B.3. All electrical wires and cables should be run
|
||
underground or under the ground plane. The antenna cable shall be extended behind
|
||
the measuring antenna along the major axis of the test site for a distance of at least 1.5
|
||
metres from the dipole elements before being routed down to ground level.
|
||
B.3.3
|
||
All precautions shall be taken to ensure that reflections from surrounding structures are
|
||
minimized. No personnel above ground shall be within 6 metres of the BUT during
|
||
actual measurements. Test reports shall include a detailed description of the test
|
||
environment. They shall specifically indicate what precautions were taken to minimize
|
||
reflections.
|
||
B.3.4
|
||
Weather protection enclosures may be constructed either partially or entirely over the
|
||
site. Fibreglass, plastics, treated wood or fabric are suitable materials for construction
|
||
of an enclosure. Alternatively, the use of an anechoic enclosure is acceptable.
|
||
B.3.5
|
||
Beacon antennas designed to be mounted directly on a flat reflective horizontal surface
|
||
that extend a minimum of one metre from the antenna in all directions, shall be tested
|
||
in the configuration depicted in Figure B.2. The raised ground plane depicted on
|
||
Figure B.2 as "ground plan A", shall have a minimum radius of 125 cm and be made
|
||
of highly conductive material (aluminium or copper). It shall be positioned
|
||
0.75 +/- 0.10 metres above ground plane A.
|
||
B.4
|
||
MEASURING ANTENNA
|
||
B.4.1
|
||
The radiated field of the BUT antenna shall be detected and measured using a tuned
|
||
dipole or an RHCP antenna. The measurement antenna shall be positioned at a
|
||
minimal distance of 3 metres from the BUT antenna and mounted on a non-conducting
|
||
structure.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 3
|
||
|
||
B.4.2
|
||
The antenna factor (AF) of the measuring antenna at 406 MHz must be known. This
|
||
factor is normally provided by the manufacturer of the dipole antenna or from the latest
|
||
antenna calibration data. It is used to convert the induced voltage measurement into
|
||
electric field strength.
|
||
B.4.3
|
||
Since the value of AF depends on the direction of propagation of the received wave
|
||
relative to the orientation of the receiving antenna, the measuring dipole should be
|
||
maintained perpendicular to the direction of propagation. In order to minimize errors
|
||
during measurement, it is recommended to adopt this practice. If the measuring
|
||
antenna cannot be maintained perpendicular to the direction of propagation a
|
||
correction factor must be considered due to the gain variation pattern of the measuring
|
||
antenna.
|
||
B.5
|
||
RADIATED POWER MEASUREMENTS
|
||
B.5.1
|
||
Prior to each open field test site transmission, the appropriate national authorities
|
||
responsible for Cospas-Sarsat and radio emissions shall be notified.
|
||
B.5.2
|
||
The radiated power measurement procedure provides data which can be used to
|
||
calculate the beacon EIRP by measuring the vertically and horizontally polarised
|
||
waves. Conversely, direct EIRP measurements can be performed using a RHCP
|
||
measuring antenna with a known antenna factor at 406 MHz.
|
||
B.5.2.1 Measurement Requirements
|
||
The BUT shall be transmitting normally with a fresh battery. The signal received by
|
||
the measuring antenna should be coupled to a spectrum analyzer or a field strength
|
||
meter and the radiated power output should be measured during the beacon
|
||
transmission. The receiver should be calibrated according to the range of level
|
||
expected, as described in section B.6.
|
||
Measurements shall be taken for the azimuths and elevations identified at Table B.1.
|
||
The induced voltages for both polarizations are measured for each position.
|
||
Conversely, a single induced voltage measurement at each position will be provided if
|
||
a RHCP measuring antenna is used.
|
||
B.5.2.2 EIRP and Antenna Gain Calculations
|
||
The following steps are performed for each set of measured voltages and the results are
|
||
recorded:
|
||
Step 1:
|
||
Calculate the total induced voltage Vrec in dBV using
|
||
|
||
|
||
V
|
||
|
||
h
|
||
V
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
dBV
|
||
(
|
||
rec
|
||
V
|
||
log
|
||
+
|
||
=
|
||
where:
|
||
|
||
B - 4
|
||
|
||
Vv and Vh are the induced voltage measurements (in volts) when the
|
||
measuring antenna is oriented in the vertical and the horizontal plane
|
||
respectively.
|
||
Step 2: Calculate the field strength E in dBV/m at the measuring antenna using
|
||
E (dBV/m) = Vrec + 20 log AFc + Lc
|
||
where:
|
||
Vrec is the calculated signal level from Step 1 (dBV)
|
||
AFc is the corrected antenna factor as defined in paragraph B.4.2 and B.4.3
|
||
Lc is the receiver system attenuation and cable loss (dB)
|
||
Step 3: Calculate the EIRP and the Gi
|
||
Using the standard radio wave propagation equation:
|
||
)
|
||
metres
|
||
(
|
||
R
|
||
)
|
||
Gi
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
atts
|
||
W
|
||
(
|
||
Pt
|
||
|
||
|
||
(
|
||
)
|
||
metre
|
||
/
|
||
Volts
|
||
(
|
||
E
|
||
=
|
||
and
|
||
RP
|
||
I
|
||
E
|
||
Gi
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
atts
|
||
W
|
||
(
|
||
Pt
|
||
=
|
||
we get the EIRP for each set of angular coordinates from
|
||
|
||
R
|
||
|
||
E
|
||
)
|
||
atts
|
||
W
|
||
(
|
||
RP
|
||
I
|
||
E
|
||
|
||
|
||
=
|
||
and the antenna gain from
|
||
Pt
|
||
|
||
|
||
R
|
||
|
||
E
|
||
Gi
|
||
|
||
|
||
=
|
||
where:
|
||
R is the distance between the BUT and the measuring dipole antenna
|
||
Pt is the power transmitted into the BUT antenna
|
||
Gi is the BUT antenna numerical gain relative to an isotropic antenna
|
||
E is the field strength converted from Step 2 into volts/metre
|
||
|
||
B - 5
|
||
|
||
B.6
|
||
TEST RECEIVER CALIBRATION
|
||
In order to minimize measurement errors due to frequency response, receiver linearity
|
||
and cable loss, the test receiver (which may be a field strength meter or a spectrum
|
||
analyzer) should be calibrated as follows:
|
||
a)
|
||
Connect the equipment and install the BUT as shown in Figures B.1 and / or B.3,
|
||
as appropriate.
|
||
b)
|
||
Turn on the BUT for normal transmission. Set the receiver bandwidth to
|
||
measure the power of the transmission. The same receiver bandwidth shall be
|
||
used during the antenna measurement process. Tune the receiver for maximum
|
||
received signal. Position the measuring antenna in the plane (horizontal or
|
||
vertical) that gives the greatest received signal. Rotate the BUT antenna and
|
||
determine an orientation which is representative of the average radiation field
|
||
strength (not a peak or a null). Record the receiver level.
|
||
c)
|
||
Disconnect the measuring antenna and feed the calibrated RF source to the
|
||
receiver through the measuring antenna cable. Adjust the signal source to give
|
||
the same receiver level recorded in (b) above.
|
||
d)
|
||
Disconnect the calibrated RF source from the measuring antenna cable and
|
||
measure its RF output with a power meter.
|
||
e)
|
||
Reconnect the calibrated RF source to the measuring antenna cable and adjust the
|
||
gain calibration of the receiver for a reading which is equal to the power.
|
||
B.7
|
||
ANTENNA POLARIZATION
|
||
B.7.1
|
||
If a RHCP measuring antenna is used for the antenna measurement no polarisation
|
||
antenna polarisation measurements (table B.2) and analyses are required.
|
||
B.7.2
|
||
If a linearly polarized measuring antenna is used, an analysis of the raw data (Vv, Vh)
|
||
obtained during the antenna test conducted with the beacon in configuration B.2
|
||
should be sufficient to determine if the polarization of the BUT antenna is linear or
|
||
circular. There is no requirement to evaluate the sense of polarization for Figure B.3.
|
||
B.7.3
|
||
If the induced voltage measurements Vv and Vh for at least 80% of all angular
|
||
coordinates (elevation less or equal to 50 degrees) differ by at least 10 dB, the
|
||
polarization is deemed to be linear. The polarization shall be declared as vertical or
|
||
horizontal depending upon whether Vv or Vh is greater.
|
||
B.7.4
|
||
If more than 20% of the induced voltage measurements (Vv, Vh) are within 10 dB of
|
||
each other, the BUT antenna is considered to be circularly polarized. Since the sense
|
||
of the polarization must be right hand circular polarized (RHCP), determine the
|
||
polarization using the following method and report the results.
|
||
|
||
B - 6
|
||
|
||
Compare the signals received at an elevation angle of 40° for each specified azimuth
|
||
angle using known right-hand circularly-polarized (RHCP) and left-hand circularly-
|
||
polarized (LHCP) antennas. The circularly polarized antenna that receives the
|
||
maximum signal obtained from measurements at the required azimuth angles
|
||
determines the sense of polarization.
|
||
B.7.5
|
||
In the case of inclined linear beacon antennas, EIRP measurements may be performed
|
||
directly using a RHCP measuring antenna with known antenna factor at 406 MHz. In
|
||
this case the requirements of section B.8 shall be directly applied to the EIRP results.
|
||
If the results are in accordance with C/S T.015 requirements, then the antenna should
|
||
be accepted regardless of any circularly polarized component of the signal.
|
||
B.7.6
|
||
Report the measurement results in Table B.2.
|
||
B.8
|
||
ANALYSIS OF EIRP
|
||
B.8.1
|
||
Enter the type of antenna polarization determined per Section B.7 in Table B.1
|
||
B.8.2
|
||
Enter the EIRP levels in Table B.1. Verify that, for at least 90% of the measurement
|
||
coordinates of the RHCP antenna and at least 80% of the measurement coordinates of
|
||
the linear antenna, the BUT produces a field equivalent to an EIRP in the range of 34
|
||
dBm to 43 dBm for a RHCP antenna and of 32 dBm to 43 dBm for a Linear antenna.
|
||
Specifically annotate Table B.1:
|
||
-
|
||
with highlighted text, to indicate all the EIRP values that are not within the
|
||
34 dBm to 43 dBm or 32 dBm to 43 dBm range, as appropriate; and
|
||
-
|
||
with stricken-out text, any EIRP levels that were removed from consideration for
|
||
calculating the EIRP maximum and minimum values at the end of life.
|
||
B.8.3
|
||
For the set of measurements identified in Section B.8.2, the overall maximum
|
||
(EIRPmax) and minimum (EIRPmin) EIRP values shall be identified in Table B.1.
|
||
B.8.4
|
||
A power loss factor (EIRPLOSS) is determined to correct for what the power output
|
||
would be after the beacon operated at minimum temperature for its operating lifetime.
|
||
The value of EIRPLOSS is calculated by subtracting the lowest beacon transmit power
|
||
level observed during the lifetime at minimum temperature test from the transmit
|
||
power measured at ambient temperature.
|
||
The value of EIRPLOSS is entered in Table B.1. EIRPLOSS is subtracted from the results
|
||
in Section B.8.3 and entered in Table B.1 and item 14 of Table D.2 as EIRPmax EOL and
|
||
EIRPmin EOL.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 7
|
||
|
||
B.9
|
||
ANTENNA VSWR MEASUREMENT
|
||
This section is not applicable to beacons with integral antennas.
|
||
B.9.1
|
||
The antenna VSWR of the BUT should be measured at the input of the antenna (or the
|
||
matching network if applicable) using an acceptable VSWR measurement technique,
|
||
to be described in the test report.
|
||
B.9.2
|
||
Numerous precautions are necessary in VSWR measurement to avoid errors due to the
|
||
effect of nearby conducting objects on the antenna current distribution.
|
||
B.9.3
|
||
Consequently, the VSWR measurement should be done with the BUT mounted in the
|
||
same configuration as used for the open field test site used for antenna test.
|
||
B.9.4
|
||
Report the measurement results in Table D.2. The antenna VSWR at the nominal
|
||
value of the transmitted frequency in the 406.0 – 406.1 MHz frequency band shall not
|
||
exceed a 1.5:1 ratio.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 8
|
||
|
||
Figure B.1: Test Site Plan View
|
||
Figure B.2: Test Configuration for Antenna Mounted Directly on Large Ground Plane
|
||
Receiver
|
||
(field strength meter or
|
||
spectrum analyzer)
|
||
D
|
||
Minor Diameter =
|
||
3 \*D
|
||
Coaxial Cable
|
||
Radiating Antenna
|
||
Beacon
|
||
Under Test
|
||
D/2
|
||
D = 3 m
|
||
Minimum area (ellipse)
|
||
to be free of reflecting
|
||
Major Diameter = 2D
|
||
D/2
|
||
RF Receiver
|
||
Tuned to beacon's transmit frequency
|
||
X = .75 metres
|
||
R
|
||
θ
|
||
Antenna Under
|
||
Ground Plane A
|
||
Measuring
|
||
Antenna
|
||
Ground Plane B
|
||
(125 cm radius)
|
||
Beacon under Test
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 9
|
||
|
||
Figure B.3: Additional Test Configuration for all Devices that Might be
|
||
Required to Operate Without a Ground Plane
|
||
Figure B.4: Test Site Plan View with RAM Material
|
||
R
|
||
Measuring
|
||
Antenna
|
||
Non-conductive structure that
|
||
raises the beacon 0.45 metres
|
||
above Ground Plane A
|
||
Ground Plane A
|
||
3 metres
|
||
Unit Under Test 2
|
||
H
|
||
RF absorbing material that provides a minimum of
|
||
15dB attenuation of reflected 406 MHz1 signal
|
||
h = elevation
|
||
X = .45 metres
|
||
θ
|
||
RF Receiver
|
||
Tuned to beacon's transmit frequency
|
||
D/2
|
||
D = 3 m
|
||
Minimum area (ellipse)
|
||
to be free of reflecting
|
||
objects
|
||
Receiver
|
||
(field strength meter or
|
||
spectrum analyzer)
|
||
D
|
||
Coaxial Cable
|
||
Radiating Antenna
|
||
D/2
|
||
Major Diameter = 2D
|
||
3.6 metres min
|
||
1.2 metres min
|
||
1.2 metres min
|
||
RAM Material
|
||
1 The dimensions of the RF absorbing material: minimum length of 3.6 metres, minimum width of 2.4 metres and
|
||
equally spaced either side of the major axis "D" (see Figures B.3 and B.4), maximum height of 0.4 metres.
|
||
2 Antenna may be mounted remotely from beacon for this test to simulate masthead mounting, etc.
|
||
|
||
B - 10
|
||
|
||
Table B.1: Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (dBm) / Antenna Gain (dBi)
|
||
Elevation Angle (Degrees)
|
||
Azimuth
|
||
Angle
|
||
(Degrees)
|
||
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
EIRPLOSS = PtAMB – Pt EOL =
|
||
dB
|
||
EIRPmax EOL = MAX [ EIRPmax , (EIRPmax - EIRPLOSS) ] = MAX ( _____ , _____ ) = __________dBm
|
||
EIRPmin EOL = MIN [ EIRPmin , (EIRPmin - EIRPLOSS) ] = MIN ( _____ , _____ ) = __________dBm
|
||
NOTE: for calculating EIRP min EOL, use data from elevations 10 to 70 degrees.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 11
|
||
|
||
Antenna Polarisation:
|
||
Table B.2: Induced Voltage Measurements Vv/Vh (dBμV)1
|
||
Elevation Angle (Degrees)
|
||
Azimuth
|
||
Angle
|
||
(Degrees)
|
||
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
- END OF ANNEX B -
|
||
|
||
Induced voltage measurement results are not required if the beacon EIRP performance was measured using a
|
||
RHCP receive antenna.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
B - 12
|
||
|
||
page left blank
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
C - 1
|
||
|
||
ANNEX C
|
||
TYPE APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BEACONS BASED ON DESIGN OF A
|
||
TYPE APPROVED 406 MHz DISTRESS BEACON
|
||
C.1
|
||
GENERAL
|
||
For SSAS beacons with a design based on a 406 MHz distress beacon that was
|
||
previously type approved by Cospas-Sarsat, depending upon the scope of beacon
|
||
design changes it might be possible to reduce the scope of testing required.
|
||
In all such cases the scope of testing will be based upon the Secretariat's evaluation of
|
||
the modifications made to the distress beacon. The information provided below is for
|
||
information purposes only. Beacon manufacturers should contact the Secretariat to
|
||
confirm the scope of testing for their specific case prior to arranging and conducting
|
||
tests at an accepted test facility.
|
||
C.2
|
||
DOCUMENTATION
|
||
The data submitted to the Secretariat shall comprise a complete type approval package
|
||
as defined in section 3.2 of this document. In cases where tests from the original type
|
||
approval testing is allowed in lieu of retesting, the original test report should be
|
||
included in the type approval package submitted to the Secretariat.
|
||
C.3
|
||
SCOPE OF TESTING
|
||
The scope of testing will be determined by the Secretariat after reviewing a description
|
||
of the modifications to the beacon provided by the manufacturer. For guidance
|
||
purposes only, an indication of the scope of testing for specific changes can be
|
||
estimated if the specific changes are addressed in either section 6.2 of document C/S
|
||
T.007 and/or the information provided in this section. In all cases the manufacturer
|
||
shall agree the scope of testing with the Secretariat prior to the start of testing since the
|
||
culmination of several changes may require complete beacon retesting, rather than the
|
||
individual testing identified below or in section 6.2 of C/S T.007.
|
||
C.3.1
|
||
Antenna Testing
|
||
All 406 MHz SSAS beacons shall undergo complete antenna testing as described at
|
||
Annex B.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
C - 2
|
||
|
||
C.3.2
|
||
Removal or Disabling of a Homing Device
|
||
A type approved beacon modified to remove or disable a homing device shall undergo
|
||
the following tests at an accepted Cospas-Sarsat type approval facility:
|
||
a)
|
||
satellite qualitative tests (as per section 3.5 of this document); and
|
||
b)
|
||
beacon coding software test (as per section 3.6 of this document).
|
||
C.3.3
|
||
Adding Remote Control Activation Capability
|
||
A type approved beacon modified to include a method for remotely activating the
|
||
beacon shall undergo the following tests at an accepted Cospas-Sarsat type approval
|
||
facility:
|
||
a)
|
||
modulation test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 4);
|
||
b)
|
||
VSWR tests (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 7);
|
||
c)
|
||
operating lifetime at minimum temperature test (as per C/S T.007, table C2,
|
||
reference 10);
|
||
d)
|
||
temperature gradient test (as per C/S T.007, Table C2, reference 11);
|
||
e)
|
||
satellite qualitative tests (as per section 3.5 of this document); and
|
||
f)
|
||
beacon coding software test (as per section 3.6 of this document).
|
||
C.3.4
|
||
Powered by External DC Supply
|
||
A type approved beacon modified to receive electrical power from an external DC
|
||
power supply shall undergo the following tests at an accepted Cospas-Sarsat type
|
||
approval facility:
|
||
a)
|
||
satellite qualitative tests (as per section 3.5 of this document); and
|
||
b)
|
||
beacon coding software test (as per section 3.6 of this document).
|
||
In addition the manufacturer shall provide technical analysis that demonstrates that the
|
||
external battery is capable of powering the beacon for its rated lifetime, as well as all
|
||
the other loads supported by the power source. This analysis should take into account
|
||
all loads on the battery as required for the operational lifetime test at minimum
|
||
temperature described in document C/S T.007.
|
||
- END OF ANNEX C -
|
||
|
||
D - 1
|
||
|
||
ANNEX D
|
||
BEACON TYPE APPROVAL TEST RESULTS
|
||
Table D.1: Overall Summary of 406 MHz SSAS Beacon Test Results
|
||
Test Results
|
||
Parameters to be Measured
|
||
Range of
|
||
Specification
|
||
Units
|
||
Tmin
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Tamb
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Tmax
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Comments
|
||
1. Power Output
|
||
- transmitter power output
|
||
37-39
|
||
dBm
|
||
- power output rise time
|
||
<5
|
||
ms
|
||
- power output 1 ms before burst
|
||
- information confirming that no
|
||
homer generator/ transmitter is
|
||
present (or was removed/
|
||
disabled )
|
||
<-10 dBm
|
||
√1
|
||
2. Digital Message
|
||
Bits number
|
||
- bit sync
|
||
1-15
|
||
15 bits "1"
|
||
√
|
||
- frame sync
|
||
16-24
|
||
"000101111"
|
||
√
|
||
- format flag
|
||
|
||
1 bit
|
||
bit value
|
||
- protocol flag
|
||
|
||
1 bit
|
||
bit value
|
||
- identification
|
||
27-85
|
||
59 bit
|
||
√
|
||
- BCH code
|
||
86-106
|
||
21 bits
|
||
√
|
||
- emergency code /national use/
|
||
supplementary data
|
||
107-112
|
||
6 bits
|
||
bit value
|
||
- additional data/BCH
|
||
113-144
|
||
32 bits
|
||
√
|
||
- position error
|
||
<5
|
||
km
|
||
3. Digital Message Generator
|
||
- repetition rate TR:
|
||
•
|
||
average TR
|
||
48.5-51.5
|
||
sec
|
||
•
|
||
min TR
|
||
47.5≤TR≤48.0
|
||
sec
|
||
•
|
||
max TR
|
||
52.0≤TR≤52.5
|
||
sec
|
||
•
|
||
standard deviation
|
||
0.5-2.0
|
||
sec
|
||
- bit rate:
|
||
•
|
||
min fb
|
||
|
||
bit/sec
|
||
•
|
||
max fb
|
||
|
||
bit/sec
|
||
- total transmission time:
|
||
•
|
||
long message
|
||
514.8-525.2
|
||
ms
|
||
- unmodulated carrier:
|
||
•
|
||
min T1
|
||
158.4
|
||
ms
|
||
•
|
||
max T1
|
||
161.6
|
||
ms
|
||
- first burst delay
|
||
>47.5
|
||
sec
|
||
|
||
Indicate that testing demonstrated conformance to requirements by placing the √ symbol in Table D.1.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - 2
|
||
|
||
Test Results
|
||
Parameters to be Measured
|
||
Range of
|
||
Specification
|
||
Units
|
||
Tmin
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Tamb
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Tmax
|
||
(
|
||
C)
|
||
Comments
|
||
4. Modulation
|
||
- biphase-L
|
||
√
|
||
- rise time
|
||
50-250
|
||
µsec
|
||
- fall time
|
||
50-250
|
||
µsec
|
||
- phase deviation: positive
|
||
+(1.0 to 1.2)
|
||
radians
|
||
- phase deviation: negative
|
||
-(1.0 to 1.2)
|
||
radians
|
||
- symmetry measurement
|
||
≤0.05
|
||
√
|
||
5. 406 MHz Transmitted Frequency
|
||
- nominal value
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
MHz
|
||
- short-term stability
|
||
≤2x10-9
|
||
/100 ms
|
||
- medium-term stability slope
|
||
(-1 to +1)x10-9
|
||
/min
|
||
- medium-term stability
|
||
residual frequency variation
|
||
≤3x10-9
|
||
6. Spurious Emissions into 50 Ohms
|
||
(406.0 – 406.1 MHz)1
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
mask
|
||
√
|
||
7. 406 MHz VSWR Check
|
||
- nominal transmitted frequency
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
MHz
|
||
- modulation rise time
|
||
50-250
|
||
µsec
|
||
- modulation fall time
|
||
50-250
|
||
µsec
|
||
- modulation phase deviation +ve
|
||
+(1.0 to 1.2)
|
||
radians
|
||
- modulation phase deviation -ve
|
||
-(1.0 to 1.2)
|
||
radians
|
||
- modulation symmetry
|
||
measurement
|
||
≤0.05
|
||
√
|
||
- digital message
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
1 Include spectral plots of the 406.0-406.1 MHz band, showing the transmit signal and the emission mask as
|
||
defined in document C/S T.001.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - 3
|
||
|
||
Parameters to be Measured
|
||
Range of
|
||
Specification
|
||
Units
|
||
Test Results
|
||
Comments
|
||
8. Self-test Mode
|
||
- frame sync
|
||
"011010000"
|
||
√
|
||
- format flag
|
||
1/0
|
||
bit value
|
||
- single radiated burst
|
||
520 (±1%)
|
||
ms
|
||
- default position data
|
||
(if applicable)
|
||
must be correct
|
||
√
|
||
- description provided
|
||
√
|
||
- design data provided on
|
||
protection against repetitive
|
||
self-test mode transmissions
|
||
√
|
||
- single burst verification
|
||
one burst
|
||
√
|
||
- provides for 15 Hex ID
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
- 406 MHz RF power
|
||
self-test
|
||
checks that RF
|
||
power emitted
|
||
√
|
||
9. Operating Lifetime at Minimum
|
||
Temperature1
|
||
- duration
|
||
>24
|
||
hours at Tmin=
|
||
- transmit frequency nominal
|
||
value
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
MHz
|
||
- transmit frequency short-term
|
||
stability
|
||
≤2x10-9
|
||
/100ms
|
||
- transmit frequency medium-term
|
||
stability slope
|
||
(-1 to +1)x10-9
|
||
/min
|
||
- transmit frequency medium-term
|
||
stability residual frequency
|
||
variation
|
||
≤3x10-9
|
||
- PtEOL=minimum transmitter
|
||
power output observed during
|
||
lifetime at minimum
|
||
temperature
|
||
37-39
|
||
dBm
|
||
- Digital message
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
|
||
Attach graphs depicting test results.
|
||
|
||
D - 4
|
||
|
||
Parameters to be Measured
|
||
Range of
|
||
Specification
|
||
Units
|
||
Test Results
|
||
Comments
|
||
10. Temperature Gradient (5 C/hr)1
|
||
- transmit frequency nominal
|
||
value
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
MHz
|
||
- transmit frequency short-term
|
||
stability
|
||
≤2x10-9
|
||
/100ms
|
||
- transmit frequency medium-term
|
||
stability
|
||
•
|
||
slope (A to B, C+15 to D
|
||
and E+15 to F)
|
||
(-1 to +1)x10-9
|
||
/min
|
||
•
|
||
slope (B to C+15 and D
|
||
to E+15)
|
||
(-2 to +2)x10-9
|
||
/min
|
||
•
|
||
residual frequency
|
||
variation
|
||
≤3x10-9
|
||
- transmitter power output
|
||
37-39
|
||
dBm
|
||
- digital message
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
11. Oscillator Aging
|
||
(data provided)
|
||
C/S T.001
|
||
MHz
|
||
12. Protection Against Continuous
|
||
Transmission description provided
|
||
<45
|
||
sec
|
||
Provide
|
||
description.
|
||
13. Satellite Qualitative Test
|
||
(results provided)2
|
||
As per section
|
||
3.5 of
|
||
C/S T.015
|
||
√
|
||
14. Antenna Characteristics
|
||
- polarization
|
||
linear or RHCP
|
||
- VSWR
|
||
≤1.5
|
||
- EIRPLOSS
|
||
dB
|
||
- EIRPmax EOL
|
||
≤43
|
||
dBm
|
||
- EIRPmin EOL
|
||
≥34 for RHCP
|
||
antennas
|
||
dBm
|
||
≥32 for linear
|
||
antennas
|
||
dBm
|
||
- Antenna Gain
|
||
for RHCP antennas
|
||
for linear antennas:
|
||
(-3 to 4)
|
||
dBi
|
||
- elevation angle (5° - 70°)
|
||
(-5 to 4)
|
||
dBi
|
||
- elevation angle 80°
|
||
(-10 to 4)
|
||
dBi
|
||
- elevation angle 90°
|
||
(-15 to 4)
|
||
dBi
|
||
|
||
Attach graphs depicting test results.
|
||
|
||
Attach a satellite qualitative test summary report (Appendix A to Annex D).
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - 5
|
||
|
||
Parameters to be Measured
|
||
Range of
|
||
Specification
|
||
Units
|
||
Test Results
|
||
Comments
|
||
15. Beacon Coding Software1
|
||
- sample messages provided for
|
||
SSAS beacon coding as per
|
||
section 3.6
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
Per Table D-D.1
|
||
- sample self-test message
|
||
provided for SSAS beacon
|
||
coding
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
Per Table D-D.1
|
||
16. Navigation System2
|
||
- position data default values
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
- position acquisition time
|
||
<10/1
|
||
min
|
||
Per Table D-C.2
|
||
or D-C.3
|
||
- encoded position data update
|
||
interval
|
||
>20
|
||
min
|
||
- position clearance after
|
||
deactivation
|
||
cleared
|
||
√
|
||
Test per A.3.8.4
|
||
of C/S T.007
|
||
- position data input update
|
||
interval (as applicable)
|
||
20/1
|
||
min
|
||
- position data encoding
|
||
correct
|
||
√
|
||
Results per tables
|
||
D-C.1
|
||
- retained last valid position
|
||
after navigation input lost
|
||
240(±5)
|
||
min
|
||
- default position data
|
||
transmitted after 240(±5)
|
||
minutes without valid
|
||
position data
|
||
cleared
|
||
√
|
||
Test per A.3.8.6
|
||
of C/S T.007
|
||
- information provided on
|
||
protection against beacon
|
||
degradation due to navigation
|
||
device, interface or signal
|
||
failure or malfunction
|
||
√
|
||
1 Attach examples of SSAS beacon coding as per Appendix D to Annex D.
|
||
2 Attach navigation system test results as per Appendix C to Annex D.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - A - 1
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX A TO ANNEX D
|
||
SATELLITE QUALITATIVE TEST SUMMARY REPORT
|
||
Date of the Test:
|
||
Time of the Test:
|
||
Beacon Model:
|
||
Beacon 15 Hex ID:
|
||
Actual location of the test beacon: Latitude: _________ ; Longitude:____________
|
||
Beacon test configuration (e.g. provide description or refer to a photo of the
|
||
test configuration):
|
||
Table D-A.1: LEOSAR Results
|
||
Satellite ID
|
||
Satellite Pass
|
||
Number
|
||
Time of
|
||
Closest
|
||
Approach
|
||
(TCA)
|
||
Cross Track
|
||
Angle
|
||
15 Hex ID
|
||
Provided by
|
||
LUT
|
||
Doppler
|
||
Location
|
||
Location
|
||
Error (km)
|
||
number of Doppler solutions within 5 km with 1°<CTA<21°
|
||
Ratio of successful solutions = number of satellite passes over test duration with 1°<CTA<21° X 100 =
|
||
%
|
||
Table D-A.2: GEOSAR Results
|
||
Satellite ID
|
||
Beacon Activation Date and
|
||
Time
|
||
30 Hexadecimal Message
|
||
Produced by GEOLUT
|
||
Date and Time Message
|
||
Produced by GEOLUT
|
||
|
||
D - B - 1
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX B TO ANNEX D
|
||
406 MHz BEACON ANTENNA TEST RESULTS
|
||
Table D-B.1: Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (dBm) / Antenna Gain (dBi)
|
||
Elevation Angle (Degrees)
|
||
Azimuth
|
||
Angle
|
||
(Degrees)
|
||
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
EIRP LOSS = Pt AMB – Pt EOL =
|
||
dB
|
||
EIRPmax EOL = M AX [ EIRPmax , (EIRPmax - EIRPLOSS) ] = MAX ( _____ , _____ ) = __________dBm
|
||
EIRPmin EOL = MIN [ EIRPmin , (EIRPmin - EIRPLOSS) ] = MIN ( _____ , _____ ) = __________dBm
|
||
NOTE: for calculating EIRPmin EOL, use data from elevations 10 to 70 degrees.
|
||
|
||
D - B - 2
|
||
|
||
Table D-B.2: Induced Voltage Measurements Vv / Vh (dBuV) 1
|
||
Elevation Angle (Degrees)
|
||
Azimuth
|
||
Angle
|
||
(Degrees)
|
||
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
/
|
||
Antenna Polarisation:
|
||
1 Induced voltage measurement results are not required if the beacon EIRP performance was measured using a
|
||
RHCP receive antenna.
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - C - 1
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX C TO ANNEX D
|
||
NAVIGATION SYSTEM TEST RESULTS
|
||
Table D-C.1: Position Data Encoding Results
|
||
Script Reference
|
||
(See Table D.2
|
||
of document
|
||
C/S T.007)
|
||
Value of Encoded Location Bits Transmitted by Beacon
|
||
(Hexadecimal)
|
||
Confirmation
|
||
that BCH
|
||
Correct (√)
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
Number of seconds after providing navigation data that
|
||
beacon
|
||
transmitted
|
||
the
|
||
above
|
||
encoded
|
||
location
|
||
information: ______
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
Bits 65-85=
|
||
Bits 113-132=
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - C - 2
|
||
|
||
Table D-C.2:
|
||
Position Acquisition Time and Position Accuracy
|
||
(Internal Navigation Devices)
|
||
C/S T.007 Section A3.8.2.1
|
||
C/S T.007 Section A3.8.2.2
|
||
Time to Acquire Position
|
||
(sec)
|
||
Location Error in metres
|
||
Time to Acquire Position
|
||
(sec)
|
||
Location Error in metres
|
||
Table D-C.3:
|
||
Position Acquisition Time and Position Accuracy
|
||
(External Navigation Devices)
|
||
C/S T.007 Section A3.8.2.1
|
||
C/S T.007 Section A3.8.2.2
|
||
Time to Acquire Position
|
||
(sec)
|
||
Location Error in metres
|
||
Time to Acquire Position
|
||
(sec)
|
||
Location Error in metres
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - D - 1
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX D TO ANNEX D
|
||
BEACON CODING SOFTWARE RESULTS
|
||
Table D-D.1: Examples of Ship Security Alert Beacon Messages
|
||
Operational Message
|
||
(in hexadecimal including bit and frame synchronisation bits)14
|
||
Location "A"
|
||
Location "B"
|
||
Self-Test Message (in hexadecimal
|
||
including bit and frame
|
||
synchronisation bits)
|
||
- END OF ANNEX D -
|
||
- END OF DOCUMENT -
|
||
14 Location "A" and location "B" must be separated by at least 500 metres
|
||
|
||
T15OCT06
|
||
D - D - 2
|
||
|
||
page left blank
|
||
|
||
Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat
|
||
1250 René-Lévesque Blvd. West, Suite 4215, Montreal (Quebec) H3B 4W8 Canada
|
||
Telephone: +1 514 500 7999
|
||
Fax: +1 514 500 7996
|
||
Email: mail@cospas-sarsat.int
|
||
Website: http://www.cospas-sarsat.int |